Projects - User contributions [en]

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-27T00:12:33Z

A1681836: /* Motivation */

=='''Project Title'''==
Measurement of Transformer Parameters

=='''Student Name '''==

Chen Qiao

Rahel Bekele Megersa

=='''Supervisors '''==

Dr. Andrew Alison

Dr. Rastko Zivanovic

=='''Abstract'''==

This project is identifying a semi-automated method to perform best estimate of transformer parameters. The aim of the project is to use two-port network model to estimate the parameters for any transformer model using transmission parameters with less variable. The obtained data are analysed and compared with the corresponding values in different methods. It starts from an ideal and simplified transformer models, which applies one-port network on the transformer to be tested. The method of least squares is applied to obtain the best estimate input variables The optimization techniques, Lagrange Multiplier is also applied to minimise any discrepancy between the observed behaviour of a transformer and the predicted behaviour of the model. Analysis of non-linearity effects on transformer is the rest part of the project which involves identifying the characteristics in terms of magnetic field and current.

=='''Motivation'''==
The demand for electrical power is significantly increasing in our world. This shows that the number of power transformers is growing enormously, which play main role by stepping up and down voltage levels within transmission network and also used in electronic equipment. Thus, while maintaining existing transformers and designing new transformer, especially for low voltage transformers, accuracy of transformer parameters should be given also one of the priorities.
Our project, “Measurement of Transformer Parameter” has significance in this aspect as it investigates the method used for estimating transformer parameter, which is capable of providing more accurate values of the parameters.

=='''Objective'''==

To develop a method for estimating the transformer parameters, the same transformers as the past project are used. To estimate the parameters, namely: winding resistance (R1, R2), winding leakage reactance (X1, X2), core resistance(Rc), and magnetizing reactance (Xm), four short circuit and open circuit tests are conducted on the transformer, setting it under unsaturated condition (linear model). From the test, the input and output voltages and currents of the transformer are measured. The 7th parameter is calculated through conducting a separate experiment, which involves winding a sensing coil on the transformer core.

=='''Introduction'''==
==''Transformer Parameter''==
Practically transformers produce loss during their operation life time. These losses are because of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the transformers components, and thus they are considered as parameters in transformer model[1]. The seven parameters of transformers are the following:

-R1, R2: Represents the power loss due to the resistive characteristics of the windings

-X1, X2: Represents the inductive property of the windings due to flux leakage

-Rc: Represents the eddy current and hysteresis power loss of the core

-Xm: Represents the magnetization power needed to drive flux through the core

-n(or a): the ratio of number of turns of primary to secondary winding

=='''Previous Study'''==
The previous project, “Estimation and Measurement of Transformer Parameters” has been taken as the basic input for our project. Developing Matlab code for least Square Spectral Analysis performed on the measured voltage and current values, applying T-parameters used to estimate the seven transformer parameters under linear condition, and developing non-linear model of transformer are the other aims of the project.

=='''Method and Result'''==

==''Method of Least Square for Phasors''==

Applying the fourier series theory [3] for a periodic function , having frequency of ω and N sample data, it can be represented as an infinite sum of cosine and sine terms of descrete frequency of integer multiple of ω. T
We have used the LSSA to change AC current and voltage signal in time domain in to phasor domain due to the fact that phasor representation of signals can accurately represent the signals in time domain compared with RMS values of the signals. That means using phasor value of a sample data is equivalent to dealing with the instantaneous value of the sample taken during the experiment which can be used to estimate the best value of unknown variables in a model. [4].
[[File:Untitled.png]]

==''Meter Measurement''==

[[File:meter.jpg]]

==''Physical Measurement''==
The physical measurement of the transformer has been performed by dismantling a transformer with identical model to the transformer under test (TR01-2016), The main objective is to reduce the seven (7) unknown parameters of the transformer 6 parameters, which can improve the Two-Port LSSA Method’s output value. The other aim of this experiment is to identify the transformer’s parameters, namely L1, L2, and Xm. This would be a comparison data for our main method result. The copper winding and the laminated core of the dismantled transformer is used for this part of the experiment

==''One port Measurement, at low voltage and High voltage''==

[[File:lv hv.jpg]]

==''Measurement Method Comparison''==

[[File:IMAG0388.jpg]]

The table above compares the impedance value of TR01-2016 for both primary and secondary winding obtained from different one-port measurement methods.
The trend of the comparison shows that the one-port least square method conducted in this project can be an intermediate between measuring with meter and open and short circuit test. It can be seen that as the method change from meter measurement to the one-port-least square method (by increasing the voltage source, VS), the model starts to change from ideal to simplified model where full rated voltage of the winding is suppled as an open circuit, the value of resistance increases. As the source voltage applied in the one-port network increased, the core resistance and magnetization reactance that exist in the core starts to be included, hence increasing the impedance obtained.

The secondary winding resistance value that has been found for One-port Least Square
at V s= 1.06V(RMS), and 100Hz, shows an error during running the matlab code or taking measured data from oscilloscope. It should be rechecked again.

=='''Reference'''==
[1]Soong, WL and Allison, AG 2014, ‘Electric Energy Systems’, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA.

[2]P.C. Sen, "Principle of Electric Machine and Power Electronics", 2th ed. Ontario, Canada, Ch. 2 sec 2.2, pp. 50-53.

[3]Apostol, TM, “Mathematical Analysis", 2nd ed. California, USA, Ch. 15, sec 15-4, pp. 464-465
[4]Huw Fox and Bill,Bolton, “Mathematics for Engineers and Technolofiessts", ISBN. 978-0-7506-5544-6., Ch. 1, , pp. 30.

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-27T00:10:12Z

A1681836: /* Supervisors */

=='''Project Title'''==
Measurement of Transformer Parameters

=='''Student Name '''==

Chen Qiao

Rahel Bekele Megersa

=='''Supervisors '''==

Dr. Andrew Alison

Dr. Rastko Zivanovic

=='''Abstract'''==

This project is identifying a semi-automated method to perform best estimate of transformer parameters. The aim of the project is to use two-port network model to estimate the parameters for any transformer model using transmission parameters with less variable. The obtained data are analysed and compared with the corresponding values in different methods. It starts from an ideal and simplified transformer models, which applies one-port network on the transformer to be tested. The method of least squares is applied to obtain the best estimate input variables The optimization techniques, Lagrange Multiplier is also applied to minimise any discrepancy between the observed behaviour of a transformer and the predicted behaviour of the model. Analysis of non-linearity effects on transformer is the rest part of the project which involves identifying the characteristics in terms of magnetic field and current.

=='''Motivation'''==
The demand for electrical power is significantly increasing in our world. This shows that the number of power transformers is growing enormously, which play main role by stepping up and down voltage levels within transmission network and also used in electronic equipment. Thus, while maintaining existing transformers and designing new transformer, especially for low voltage transformers, accuracy of transformer parameters should be given also one of the priorities.
Our project, “Measurement of Transformer Parameter” has significance in this aspect as it investigates the methods used for estimating transformer parameter, which is capable of providing more accurate values of the parameters.

=='''Objective'''==

To develop a method for estimating the transformer parameters, the same transformers as the past project are used. To estimate the parameters, namely: winding resistance (R1, R2), winding leakage reactance (X1, X2), core resistance(Rc), and magnetizing reactance (Xm), four short circuit and open circuit tests are conducted on the transformer, setting it under unsaturated condition (linear model). From the test, the input and output voltages and currents of the transformer are measured. The 7th parameter is calculated through conducting a separate experiment, which involves winding a sensing coil on the transformer core.

=='''Introduction'''==
==''Transformer Parameter''==
Practically transformers produce loss during their operation life time. These losses are because of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the transformers components, and thus they are considered as parameters in transformer model[1]. The seven parameters of transformers are the following:

-R1, R2: Represents the power loss due to the resistive characteristics of the windings

-X1, X2: Represents the inductive property of the windings due to flux leakage

-Rc: Represents the eddy current and hysteresis power loss of the core

-Xm: Represents the magnetization power needed to drive flux through the core

-n(or a): the ratio of number of turns of primary to secondary winding

=='''Previous Study'''==
The previous project, “Estimation and Measurement of Transformer Parameters” has been taken as the basic input for our project. Developing Matlab code for least Square Spectral Analysis performed on the measured voltage and current values, applying T-parameters used to estimate the seven transformer parameters under linear condition, and developing non-linear model of transformer are the other aims of the project.

=='''Method and Result'''==

==''Method of Least Square for Phasors''==

Applying the fourier series theory [3] for a periodic function , having frequency of ω and N sample data, it can be represented as an infinite sum of cosine and sine terms of descrete frequency of integer multiple of ω. T
We have used the LSSA to change AC current and voltage signal in time domain in to phasor domain due to the fact that phasor representation of signals can accurately represent the signals in time domain compared with RMS values of the signals. That means using phasor value of a sample data is equivalent to dealing with the instantaneous value of the sample taken during the experiment which can be used to estimate the best value of unknown variables in a model. [4].
[[File:Untitled.png]]

==''Meter Measurement''==

[[File:meter.jpg]]

==''Physical Measurement''==
The physical measurement of the transformer has been performed by dismantling a transformer with identical model to the transformer under test (TR01-2016), The main objective is to reduce the seven (7) unknown parameters of the transformer 6 parameters, which can improve the Two-Port LSSA Method’s output value. The other aim of this experiment is to identify the transformer’s parameters, namely L1, L2, and Xm. This would be a comparison data for our main method result. The copper winding and the laminated core of the dismantled transformer is used for this part of the experiment

==''One port Measurement, at low voltage and High voltage''==

[[File:lv hv.jpg]]

==''Measurement Method Comparison''==

[[File:IMAG0388.jpg]]

The table above compares the impedance value of TR01-2016 for both primary and secondary winding obtained from different one-port measurement methods.
The trend of the comparison shows that the one-port least square method conducted in this project can be an intermediate between measuring with meter and open and short circuit test. It can be seen that as the method change from meter measurement to the one-port-least square method (by increasing the voltage source, VS), the model starts to change from ideal to simplified model where full rated voltage of the winding is suppled as an open circuit, the value of resistance increases. As the source voltage applied in the one-port network increased, the core resistance and magnetization reactance that exist in the core starts to be included, hence increasing the impedance obtained.

The secondary winding resistance value that has been found for One-port Least Square
at V s= 1.06V(RMS), and 100Hz, shows an error during running the matlab code or taking measured data from oscilloscope. It should be rechecked again.

=='''Reference'''==
[1]Soong, WL and Allison, AG 2014, ‘Electric Energy Systems’, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA.

[2]P.C. Sen, "Principle of Electric Machine and Power Electronics", 2th ed. Ontario, Canada, Ch. 2 sec 2.2, pp. 50-53.

[3]Apostol, TM, “Mathematical Analysis", 2nd ed. California, USA, Ch. 15, sec 15-4, pp. 464-465
[4]Huw Fox and Bill,Bolton, “Mathematics for Engineers and Technolofiessts", ISBN. 978-0-7506-5544-6., Ch. 1, , pp. 30.

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-27T00:10:01Z

A1681836: /* Student Name */

=='''Project Title'''==
Measurement of Transformer Parameters

=='''Student Name '''==

Chen Qiao

Rahel Bekele Megersa

=='''Supervisors '''==

Dr. Andrew Alison Dr. Rastko Zivanovic

=='''Abstract'''==

This project is identifying a semi-automated method to perform best estimate of transformer parameters. The aim of the project is to use two-port network model to estimate the parameters for any transformer model using transmission parameters with less variable. The obtained data are analysed and compared with the corresponding values in different methods. It starts from an ideal and simplified transformer models, which applies one-port network on the transformer to be tested. The method of least squares is applied to obtain the best estimate input variables The optimization techniques, Lagrange Multiplier is also applied to minimise any discrepancy between the observed behaviour of a transformer and the predicted behaviour of the model. Analysis of non-linearity effects on transformer is the rest part of the project which involves identifying the characteristics in terms of magnetic field and current.

=='''Motivation'''==
The demand for electrical power is significantly increasing in our world. This shows that the number of power transformers is growing enormously, which play main role by stepping up and down voltage levels within transmission network and also used in electronic equipment. Thus, while maintaining existing transformers and designing new transformer, especially for low voltage transformers, accuracy of transformer parameters should be given also one of the priorities.
Our project, “Measurement of Transformer Parameter” has significance in this aspect as it investigates the methods used for estimating transformer parameter, which is capable of providing more accurate values of the parameters.

=='''Objective'''==

To develop a method for estimating the transformer parameters, the same transformers as the past project are used. To estimate the parameters, namely: winding resistance (R1, R2), winding leakage reactance (X1, X2), core resistance(Rc), and magnetizing reactance (Xm), four short circuit and open circuit tests are conducted on the transformer, setting it under unsaturated condition (linear model). From the test, the input and output voltages and currents of the transformer are measured. The 7th parameter is calculated through conducting a separate experiment, which involves winding a sensing coil on the transformer core.

=='''Introduction'''==
==''Transformer Parameter''==
Practically transformers produce loss during their operation life time. These losses are because of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the transformers components, and thus they are considered as parameters in transformer model[1]. The seven parameters of transformers are the following:

-R1, R2: Represents the power loss due to the resistive characteristics of the windings

-X1, X2: Represents the inductive property of the windings due to flux leakage

-Rc: Represents the eddy current and hysteresis power loss of the core

-Xm: Represents the magnetization power needed to drive flux through the core

-n(or a): the ratio of number of turns of primary to secondary winding

=='''Previous Study'''==
The previous project, “Estimation and Measurement of Transformer Parameters” has been taken as the basic input for our project. Developing Matlab code for least Square Spectral Analysis performed on the measured voltage and current values, applying T-parameters used to estimate the seven transformer parameters under linear condition, and developing non-linear model of transformer are the other aims of the project.

=='''Method and Result'''==

==''Method of Least Square for Phasors''==

Applying the fourier series theory [3] for a periodic function , having frequency of ω and N sample data, it can be represented as an infinite sum of cosine and sine terms of descrete frequency of integer multiple of ω. T
We have used the LSSA to change AC current and voltage signal in time domain in to phasor domain due to the fact that phasor representation of signals can accurately represent the signals in time domain compared with RMS values of the signals. That means using phasor value of a sample data is equivalent to dealing with the instantaneous value of the sample taken during the experiment which can be used to estimate the best value of unknown variables in a model. [4].
[[File:Untitled.png]]

==''Meter Measurement''==

[[File:meter.jpg]]

==''Physical Measurement''==
The physical measurement of the transformer has been performed by dismantling a transformer with identical model to the transformer under test (TR01-2016), The main objective is to reduce the seven (7) unknown parameters of the transformer 6 parameters, which can improve the Two-Port LSSA Method’s output value. The other aim of this experiment is to identify the transformer’s parameters, namely L1, L2, and Xm. This would be a comparison data for our main method result. The copper winding and the laminated core of the dismantled transformer is used for this part of the experiment

==''One port Measurement, at low voltage and High voltage''==

[[File:lv hv.jpg]]

==''Measurement Method Comparison''==

[[File:IMAG0388.jpg]]

The table above compares the impedance value of TR01-2016 for both primary and secondary winding obtained from different one-port measurement methods.
The trend of the comparison shows that the one-port least square method conducted in this project can be an intermediate between measuring with meter and open and short circuit test. It can be seen that as the method change from meter measurement to the one-port-least square method (by increasing the voltage source, VS), the model starts to change from ideal to simplified model where full rated voltage of the winding is suppled as an open circuit, the value of resistance increases. As the source voltage applied in the one-port network increased, the core resistance and magnetization reactance that exist in the core starts to be included, hence increasing the impedance obtained.

The secondary winding resistance value that has been found for One-port Least Square
at V s= 1.06V(RMS), and 100Hz, shows an error during running the matlab code or taking measured data from oscilloscope. It should be rechecked again.

=='''Reference'''==
[1]Soong, WL and Allison, AG 2014, ‘Electric Energy Systems’, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA.

[2]P.C. Sen, "Principle of Electric Machine and Power Electronics", 2th ed. Ontario, Canada, Ch. 2 sec 2.2, pp. 50-53.

[3]Apostol, TM, “Mathematical Analysis", 2nd ed. California, USA, Ch. 15, sec 15-4, pp. 464-465
[4]Huw Fox and Bill,Bolton, “Mathematics for Engineers and Technolofiessts", ISBN. 978-0-7506-5544-6., Ch. 1, , pp. 30.

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-27T00:08:58Z

A1681836: /* Transformer Parameter */

=='''Project Title'''==
Measurement of Transformer Parameters

=='''Student Name '''==
Chen Qiao
Rahel Bekele Megersa

=='''Supervisors '''==

Dr. Andrew Alison Dr. Rastko Zivanovic

=='''Abstract'''==

This project is identifying a semi-automated method to perform best estimate of transformer parameters. The aim of the project is to use two-port network model to estimate the parameters for any transformer model using transmission parameters with less variable. The obtained data are analysed and compared with the corresponding values in different methods. It starts from an ideal and simplified transformer models, which applies one-port network on the transformer to be tested. The method of least squares is applied to obtain the best estimate input variables The optimization techniques, Lagrange Multiplier is also applied to minimise any discrepancy between the observed behaviour of a transformer and the predicted behaviour of the model. Analysis of non-linearity effects on transformer is the rest part of the project which involves identifying the characteristics in terms of magnetic field and current.

=='''Motivation'''==
The demand for electrical power is significantly increasing in our world. This shows that the number of power transformers is growing enormously, which play main role by stepping up and down voltage levels within transmission network and also used in electronic equipment. Thus, while maintaining existing transformers and designing new transformer, especially for low voltage transformers, accuracy of transformer parameters should be given also one of the priorities.
Our project, “Measurement of Transformer Parameter” has significance in this aspect as it investigates the methods used for estimating transformer parameter, which is capable of providing more accurate values of the parameters.

=='''Objective'''==

To develop a method for estimating the transformer parameters, the same transformers as the past project are used. To estimate the parameters, namely: winding resistance (R1, R2), winding leakage reactance (X1, X2), core resistance(Rc), and magnetizing reactance (Xm), four short circuit and open circuit tests are conducted on the transformer, setting it under unsaturated condition (linear model). From the test, the input and output voltages and currents of the transformer are measured. The 7th parameter is calculated through conducting a separate experiment, which involves winding a sensing coil on the transformer core.

=='''Introduction'''==
==''Transformer Parameter''==
Practically transformers produce loss during their operation life time. These losses are because of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the transformers components, and thus they are considered as parameters in transformer model[1]. The seven parameters of transformers are the following:

-R1, R2: Represents the power loss due to the resistive characteristics of the windings

-X1, X2: Represents the inductive property of the windings due to flux leakage

-Rc: Represents the eddy current and hysteresis power loss of the core

-Xm: Represents the magnetization power needed to drive flux through the core

-n(or a): the ratio of number of turns of primary to secondary winding

=='''Previous Study'''==
The previous project, “Estimation and Measurement of Transformer Parameters” has been taken as the basic input for our project. Developing Matlab code for least Square Spectral Analysis performed on the measured voltage and current values, applying T-parameters used to estimate the seven transformer parameters under linear condition, and developing non-linear model of transformer are the other aims of the project.

=='''Method and Result'''==

==''Method of Least Square for Phasors''==

Applying the fourier series theory [3] for a periodic function , having frequency of ω and N sample data, it can be represented as an infinite sum of cosine and sine terms of descrete frequency of integer multiple of ω. T
We have used the LSSA to change AC current and voltage signal in time domain in to phasor domain due to the fact that phasor representation of signals can accurately represent the signals in time domain compared with RMS values of the signals. That means using phasor value of a sample data is equivalent to dealing with the instantaneous value of the sample taken during the experiment which can be used to estimate the best value of unknown variables in a model. [4].
[[File:Untitled.png]]

==''Meter Measurement''==

[[File:meter.jpg]]

==''Physical Measurement''==
The physical measurement of the transformer has been performed by dismantling a transformer with identical model to the transformer under test (TR01-2016), The main objective is to reduce the seven (7) unknown parameters of the transformer 6 parameters, which can improve the Two-Port LSSA Method’s output value. The other aim of this experiment is to identify the transformer’s parameters, namely L1, L2, and Xm. This would be a comparison data for our main method result. The copper winding and the laminated core of the dismantled transformer is used for this part of the experiment

==''One port Measurement, at low voltage and High voltage''==

[[File:lv hv.jpg]]

==''Measurement Method Comparison''==

[[File:IMAG0388.jpg]]

The table above compares the impedance value of TR01-2016 for both primary and secondary winding obtained from different one-port measurement methods.
The trend of the comparison shows that the one-port least square method conducted in this project can be an intermediate between measuring with meter and open and short circuit test. It can be seen that as the method change from meter measurement to the one-port-least square method (by increasing the voltage source, VS), the model starts to change from ideal to simplified model where full rated voltage of the winding is suppled as an open circuit, the value of resistance increases. As the source voltage applied in the one-port network increased, the core resistance and magnetization reactance that exist in the core starts to be included, hence increasing the impedance obtained.

The secondary winding resistance value that has been found for One-port Least Square
at V s= 1.06V(RMS), and 100Hz, shows an error during running the matlab code or taking measured data from oscilloscope. It should be rechecked again.

=='''Reference'''==
[1]Soong, WL and Allison, AG 2014, ‘Electric Energy Systems’, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA.

[2]P.C. Sen, "Principle of Electric Machine and Power Electronics", 2th ed. Ontario, Canada, Ch. 2 sec 2.2, pp. 50-53.

[3]Apostol, TM, “Mathematical Analysis", 2nd ed. California, USA, Ch. 15, sec 15-4, pp. 464-465
[4]Huw Fox and Bill,Bolton, “Mathematics for Engineers and Technolofiessts", ISBN. 978-0-7506-5544-6., Ch. 1, , pp. 30.

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-27T00:07:26Z

A1681836: /* Transformer Parameter */

=='''Project Title'''==
Measurement of Transformer Parameters

=='''Student Name '''==
Chen Qiao
Rahel Bekele Megersa

=='''Supervisors '''==

Dr. Andrew Alison Dr. Rastko Zivanovic

=='''Abstract'''==

This project is identifying a semi-automated method to perform best estimate of transformer parameters. The aim of the project is to use two-port network model to estimate the parameters for any transformer model using transmission parameters with less variable. The obtained data are analysed and compared with the corresponding values in different methods. It starts from an ideal and simplified transformer models, which applies one-port network on the transformer to be tested. The method of least squares is applied to obtain the best estimate input variables The optimization techniques, Lagrange Multiplier is also applied to minimise any discrepancy between the observed behaviour of a transformer and the predicted behaviour of the model. Analysis of non-linearity effects on transformer is the rest part of the project which involves identifying the characteristics in terms of magnetic field and current.

=='''Motivation'''==
The demand for electrical power is significantly increasing in our world. This shows that the number of power transformers is growing enormously, which play main role by stepping up and down voltage levels within transmission network and also used in electronic equipment. Thus, while maintaining existing transformers and designing new transformer, especially for low voltage transformers, accuracy of transformer parameters should be given also one of the priorities.
Our project, “Measurement of Transformer Parameter” has significance in this aspect as it investigates the methods used for estimating transformer parameter, which is capable of providing more accurate values of the parameters.

=='''Objective'''==

To develop a method for estimating the transformer parameters, the same transformers as the past project are used. To estimate the parameters, namely: winding resistance (R1, R2), winding leakage reactance (X1, X2), core resistance(Rc), and magnetizing reactance (Xm), four short circuit and open circuit tests are conducted on the transformer, setting it under unsaturated condition (linear model). From the test, the input and output voltages and currents of the transformer are measured. The 7th parameter is calculated through conducting a separate experiment, which involves winding a sensing coil on the transformer core.

=='''Introduction'''==
==''Transformer Parameter''==
Practically transformers produce loss during their operation life time. These losses are because of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the transformers components, and thus they are considered as parameters to model a transformer as an equivalent circuit[1]. The seven parameters of transformers are the following:
-R1, R2: Represents the power loss due to the resistive characteristics of the windings

-X1, X2: Represents the inductive property of the windings due to flux leakage

-Rc: Represents the eddy current and hysteresis power loss of the core

-Xm: Represents the magnetization power needed to drive flux through the core

-n(or a): the ratio of number of turns of primary to secondary winding

=='''Previous Study'''==
The previous project, “Estimation and Measurement of Transformer Parameters” has been taken as the basic input for our project. Developing Matlab code for least Square Spectral Analysis performed on the measured voltage and current values, applying T-parameters used to estimate the seven transformer parameters under linear condition, and developing non-linear model of transformer are the other aims of the project.

=='''Method and Result'''==

==''Method of Least Square for Phasors''==

Applying the fourier series theory [3] for a periodic function , having frequency of ω and N sample data, it can be represented as an infinite sum of cosine and sine terms of descrete frequency of integer multiple of ω. T
We have used the LSSA to change AC current and voltage signal in time domain in to phasor domain due to the fact that phasor representation of signals can accurately represent the signals in time domain compared with RMS values of the signals. That means using phasor value of a sample data is equivalent to dealing with the instantaneous value of the sample taken during the experiment which can be used to estimate the best value of unknown variables in a model. [4].
[[File:Untitled.png]]

==''Meter Measurement''==

[[File:meter.jpg]]

==''Physical Measurement''==
The physical measurement of the transformer has been performed by dismantling a transformer with identical model to the transformer under test (TR01-2016), The main objective is to reduce the seven (7) unknown parameters of the transformer 6 parameters, which can improve the Two-Port LSSA Method’s output value. The other aim of this experiment is to identify the transformer’s parameters, namely L1, L2, and Xm. This would be a comparison data for our main method result. The copper winding and the laminated core of the dismantled transformer is used for this part of the experiment

==''One port Measurement, at low voltage and High voltage''==

[[File:lv hv.jpg]]

==''Measurement Method Comparison''==

[[File:IMAG0388.jpg]]

The table above compares the impedance value of TR01-2016 for both primary and secondary winding obtained from different one-port measurement methods.
The trend of the comparison shows that the one-port least square method conducted in this project can be an intermediate between measuring with meter and open and short circuit test. It can be seen that as the method change from meter measurement to the one-port-least square method (by increasing the voltage source, VS), the model starts to change from ideal to simplified model where full rated voltage of the winding is suppled as an open circuit, the value of resistance increases. As the source voltage applied in the one-port network increased, the core resistance and magnetization reactance that exist in the core starts to be included, hence increasing the impedance obtained.

The secondary winding resistance value that has been found for One-port Least Square
at V s= 1.06V(RMS), and 100Hz, shows an error during running the matlab code or taking measured data from oscilloscope. It should be rechecked again.

=='''Reference'''==
[1]Soong, WL and Allison, AG 2014, ‘Electric Energy Systems’, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA.

[2]P.C. Sen, "Principle of Electric Machine and Power Electronics", 2th ed. Ontario, Canada, Ch. 2 sec 2.2, pp. 50-53.

[3]Apostol, TM, “Mathematical Analysis", 2nd ed. California, USA, Ch. 15, sec 15-4, pp. 464-465
[4]Huw Fox and Bill,Bolton, “Mathematics for Engineers and Technolofiessts", ISBN. 978-0-7506-5544-6., Ch. 1, , pp. 30.

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T07:16:16Z

A1681836: /* Method of Least Square for Phasors */

=='''Project Title'''==
Measurement of Transformer Parameters

=='''Student Name '''==
Chen Qiao
Rahel Bekele Megersa

=='''Supervisors '''==

Dr. Andrew Alison Dr. Rastko Zivanovic

=='''Abstract'''==

This project is identifying a semi-automated method to perform best estimate of transformer parameters. The aim of the project is to use two-port network model to estimate the parameters for any transformer model using transmission parameters with less variable. The obtained data are analysed and compared with the corresponding values in different methods. It starts from an ideal and simplified transformer models, which applies one-port network on the transformer to be tested. The method of least squares is applied to obtain the best estimate input variables The optimization techniques, Lagrange Multiplier is also applied to minimise any discrepancy between the observed behaviour of a transformer and the predicted behaviour of the model. Analysis of non-linearity effects on transformer is the rest part of the project which involves identifying the characteristics in terms of magnetic field and current.

=='''Motivation'''==
The demand for electrical power is significantly increasing in our world. This shows that the number of power transformers is growing enormously, which play main role by stepping up and down voltage levels within transmission network and also used in electronic equipment. Thus, while maintaining existing transformers and designing new transformer, especially for low voltage transformers, accuracy of transformer parameters should be given also one of the priorities.
Our project, “Measurement of Transformer Parameter” has significance in this aspect as it investigates the methods used for estimating transformer parameter, which is capable of providing more accurate values of the parameters.

=='''Objective'''==

To develop a method for estimating the transformer parameters, the same transformers as the past project are used. To estimate the parameters, namely: winding resistance (R1, R2), winding leakage reactance (X1, X2), core resistance(Rc), and magnetizing reactance (Xm), four short circuit and open circuit tests are conducted on the transformer, setting it under unsaturated condition (linear model). From the test, the input and output voltages and currents of the transformer are measured. The 7th parameter is calculated through conducting a separate experiment, which involves winding a sensing coil on the transformer core.

=='''Introduction'''==
==''Transformer Parameter''==
Practically transformers produce loss during their operation life time. These losses are because of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the transformers components, and thus they are considered as parameters to model a transformer as an equivalent circuit[1]. The seven parameters of transformers are the following:
-R1, R2: Represents the power loss due to the resistive characteristics of the windings
-X1, X2: Represents the inductive property of the windings winding leakage reactance
-Rc: Represents the eddy current and hysteresis power loss of the core
-Xm: Represents the magnetization power needed to drive flux through the core
-n(or a): the ration of number of turns of primary to secondary winding

=='''Previous Study'''==
The previous project, “Estimation and Measurement of Transformer Parameters” has been taken as the basic input for our project. Developing Matlab code for least Square Spectral Analysis performed on the measured voltage and current values, applying T-parameters used to estimate the seven transformer parameters under linear condition, and developing non-linear model of transformer are the other aims of the project.

=='''Method and Result'''==

==''Method of Least Square for Phasors''==

Applying the fourier series theory [3] for a periodic function , having frequency of ω and N sample data, it can be represented as an infinite sum of cosine and sine terms of descrete frequency of integer multiple of ω. T
We have used the LSSA to change AC current and voltage signal in time domain in to phasor domain due to the fact that phasor representation of signals can accurately represent the signals in time domain compared with RMS values of the signals. That means using phasor value of a sample data is equivalent to dealing with the instantaneous value of the sample taken during the experiment which can be used to estimate the best value of unknown variables in a model. [4].
[[File:Untitled.png]]

==''Meter Measurement''==

[[File:meter.jpg]]

==''Physical Measurement''==
The physical measurement of the transformer has been performed by dismantling a transformer with identical model to the transformer under test (TR01-2016), The main objective is to reduce the seven (7) unknown parameters of the transformer 6 parameters, which can improve the Two-Port LSSA Method’s output value. The other aim of this experiment is to identify the transformer’s parameters, namely L1, L2, and Xm. This would be a comparison data for our main method result. The copper winding and the laminated core of the dismantled transformer is used for this part of the experiment

==''One port Measurement, at low voltage and High voltage''==

[[File:lv hv.jpg]]

==''Measurement Method Comparison''==

[[File:IMAG0388.jpg]]

The table above compares the impedance value of TR01-2016 for both primary and secondary winding obtained from different one-port measurement methods.
The trend of the comparison shows that the one-port least square method conducted in this project can be an intermediate between measuring with meter and open and short circuit test. It can be seen that as the method change from meter measurement to the one-port-least square method (by increasing the voltage source, VS), the model starts to change from ideal to simplified model where full rated voltage of the winding is suppled as an open circuit, the value of resistance increases. As the source voltage applied in the one-port network increased, the core resistance and magnetization reactance that exist in the core starts to be included, hence increasing the impedance obtained.

The secondary winding resistance value that has been found for One-port Least Square
at V s= 1.06V(RMS), and 100Hz, shows an error during running the matlab code or taking measured data from oscilloscope. It should be rechecked again.

=='''Reference'''==
[1]Soong, WL and Allison, AG 2014, ‘Electric Energy Systems’, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA.

[2]P.C. Sen, "Principle of Electric Machine and Power Electronics", 2th ed. Ontario, Canada, Ch. 2 sec 2.2, pp. 50-53.

[3]Apostol, TM, “Mathematical Analysis", 2nd ed. California, USA, Ch. 15, sec 15-4, pp. 464-465
[4]Huw Fox and Bill,Bolton, “Mathematics for Engineers and Technolofiessts", ISBN. 978-0-7506-5544-6., Ch. 1, , pp. 30.

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T07:10:31Z

A1681836: /* Physical Measurement */

=='''Project Title'''==
Measurement of Transformer Parameters

=='''Student Name '''==
Chen Qiao
Rahel Bekele Megersa

=='''Supervisors '''==

Dr. Andrew Alison Dr. Rastko Zivanovic

=='''Abstract'''==

This project is identifying a semi-automated method to perform best estimate of transformer parameters. The aim of the project is to use two-port network model to estimate the parameters for any transformer model using transmission parameters with less variable. The obtained data are analysed and compared with the corresponding values in different methods. It starts from an ideal and simplified transformer models, which applies one-port network on the transformer to be tested. The method of least squares is applied to obtain the best estimate input variables The optimization techniques, Lagrange Multiplier is also applied to minimise any discrepancy between the observed behaviour of a transformer and the predicted behaviour of the model. Analysis of non-linearity effects on transformer is the rest part of the project which involves identifying the characteristics in terms of magnetic field and current.

=='''Motivation'''==
The demand for electrical power is significantly increasing in our world. This shows that the number of power transformers is growing enormously, which play main role by stepping up and down voltage levels within transmission network and also used in electronic equipment. Thus, while maintaining existing transformers and designing new transformer, especially for low voltage transformers, accuracy of transformer parameters should be given also one of the priorities.
Our project, “Measurement of Transformer Parameter” has significance in this aspect as it investigates the methods used for estimating transformer parameter, which is capable of providing more accurate values of the parameters.

=='''Objective'''==

To develop a method for estimating the transformer parameters, the same transformers as the past project are used. To estimate the parameters, namely: winding resistance (R1, R2), winding leakage reactance (X1, X2), core resistance(Rc), and magnetizing reactance (Xm), four short circuit and open circuit tests are conducted on the transformer, setting it under unsaturated condition (linear model). From the test, the input and output voltages and currents of the transformer are measured. The 7th parameter is calculated through conducting a separate experiment, which involves winding a sensing coil on the transformer core.

=='''Introduction'''==
==''Transformer Parameter''==
Practically transformers produce loss during their operation life time. These losses are because of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the transformers components, and thus they are considered as parameters to model a transformer as an equivalent circuit[1]. The seven parameters of transformers are the following:
-R1, R2: Represents the power loss due to the resistive characteristics of the windings
-X1, X2: Represents the inductive property of the windings winding leakage reactance
-Rc: Represents the eddy current and hysteresis power loss of the core
-Xm: Represents the magnetization power needed to drive flux through the core
-n(or a): the ration of number of turns of primary to secondary winding

=='''Previous Study'''==
The previous project, “Estimation and Measurement of Transformer Parameters” has been taken as the basic input for our project. Developing Matlab code for least Square Spectral Analysis performed on the measured voltage and current values, applying T-parameters used to estimate the seven transformer parameters under linear condition, and developing non-linear model of transformer are the other aims of the project.

=='''Method and Result'''==

==''Method of Least Square for Phasors''==

Applying the fourier series theory [3] for a periodic function , having frequency of ω and N sample data, it can be represented as an infinite sum of cosine and sine terms of descrete frequency of integer multiple of ω. T
We have used the LSSA to change AC current and voltage signal in time domain in to phasor domain due to the fact that phasor representation of signals can accurately represent the signals in time domain compared with RMS values of the signals. That means dealing with phasor value of known variable is equivalent to the instantaneous value of the variables during the experiment which can be used to estimate the best value of the unknown variables. [4].
[[File:Untitled.png]]

==''Meter Measurement''==

[[File:meter.jpg]]

==''Physical Measurement''==
The physical measurement of the transformer has been performed by dismantling a transformer with identical model to the transformer under test (TR01-2016), The main objective is to reduce the seven (7) unknown parameters of the transformer 6 parameters, which can improve the Two-Port LSSA Method’s output value. The other aim of this experiment is to identify the transformer’s parameters, namely L1, L2, and Xm. This would be a comparison data for our main method result. The copper winding and the laminated core of the dismantled transformer is used for this part of the experiment

==''One port Measurement, at low voltage and High voltage''==

[[File:lv hv.jpg]]

==''Measurement Method Comparison''==

[[File:IMAG0388.jpg]]

The table above compares the impedance value of TR01-2016 for both primary and secondary winding obtained from different one-port measurement methods.
The trend of the comparison shows that the one-port least square method conducted in this project can be an intermediate between measuring with meter and open and short circuit test. It can be seen that as the method change from meter measurement to the one-port-least square method (by increasing the voltage source, VS), the model starts to change from ideal to simplified model where full rated voltage of the winding is suppled as an open circuit, the value of resistance increases. As the source voltage applied in the one-port network increased, the core resistance and magnetization reactance that exist in the core starts to be included, hence increasing the impedance obtained.

The secondary winding resistance value that has been found for One-port Least Square
at V s= 1.06V(RMS), and 100Hz, shows an error during running the matlab code or taking measured data from oscilloscope. It should be rechecked again.

=='''Reference'''==
[1]Soong, WL and Allison, AG 2014, ‘Electric Energy Systems’, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA.

[2]P.C. Sen, "Principle of Electric Machine and Power Electronics", 2th ed. Ontario, Canada, Ch. 2 sec 2.2, pp. 50-53.

[3]Apostol, TM, “Mathematical Analysis", 2nd ed. California, USA, Ch. 15, sec 15-4, pp. 464-465
[4]Huw Fox and Bill,Bolton, “Mathematics for Engineers and Technolofiessts", ISBN. 978-0-7506-5544-6., Ch. 1, , pp. 30.

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T05:36:41Z

A1681836:

=='''Project Title'''==
Measurement of Transformer Parameters

=='''Student Name '''==
Chen Qiao
Rahel Bekele Megersa

=='''Supervisors '''==

Dr. Andrew Alison Dr. Rastko Zivanovic

=='''Abstract'''==

This project is identifying a semi-automated method to perform best estimate of transformer parameters. The aim of the project is to use two-port network model to estimate the parameters for any transformer model using transmission parameters with less variable. The obtained data are analysed and compared with the corresponding values in different methods. It starts from an ideal and simplified transformer models, which applies one-port network on the transformer to be tested. The method of least squares is applied to obtain the best estimate input variables The optimization techniques, Lagrange Multiplier is also applied to minimise any discrepancy between the observed behaviour of a transformer and the predicted behaviour of the model. Analysis of non-linearity effects on transformer is the rest part of the project which involves identifying the characteristics in terms of magnetic field and current.

=='''Motivation'''==
The demand for electrical power is significantly increasing in our world. This shows that the number of power transformers is growing enormously, which play main role by stepping up and down voltage levels within transmission network and also used in electronic equipment. Thus, while maintaining existing transformers and designing new transformer, especially for low voltage transformers, accuracy of transformer parameters should be given also one of the priorities.
Our project, “Measurement of Transformer Parameter” has significance in this aspect as it investigates the methods used for estimating transformer parameter, which is capable of providing more accurate values of the parameters.

=='''Objective'''==

To develop a method for estimating the transformer parameters, the same transformers as the past project are used. To estimate the parameters, namely: winding resistance (R1, R2), winding leakage reactance (X1, X2), core resistance(Rc), and magnetizing reactance (Xm), four short circuit and open circuit tests are conducted on the transformer, setting it under unsaturated condition (linear model). From the test, the input and output voltages and currents of the transformer are measured. The 7th parameter is calculated through conducting a separate experiment, which involves winding a sensing coil on the transformer core.

=='''Introduction'''==
==''Transformer Parameter''==
Practically transformers produce loss during their operation life time. These losses are because of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the transformers components, and thus they are considered as parameters to model a transformer as an equivalent circuit[1]. The seven parameters of transformers are the following:
-R1, R2: Represents the power loss due to the resistive characteristics of the windings
-X1, X2: Represents the inductive property of the windings winding leakage reactance
-Rc: Represents the eddy current and hysteresis power loss of the core
-Xm: Represents the magnetization power needed to drive flux through the core
-n(or a): the ration of number of turns of primary to secondary winding

=='''Previous Study'''==
The previous project, “Estimation and Measurement of Transformer Parameters” has been taken as the basic input for our project. Developing Matlab code for least Square Spectral Analysis performed on the measured voltage and current values, applying T-parameters used to estimate the seven transformer parameters under linear condition, and developing non-linear model of transformer are the other aims of the project.

=='''Method and Result'''==

==''Method of Least Square for Phasors''==

Applying the fourier series theory [3] for a periodic function , having frequency of ω and N sample data, it can be represented as an infinite sum of cosine and sine terms of descrete frequency of integer multiple of ω. T
We have used the LSSA to change AC current and voltage signal in time domain in to phasor domain due to the fact that phasor representation of signals can accurately represent the signals in time domain compared with RMS values of the signals. That means dealing with phasor value of known variable is equivalent to the instantaneous value of the variables during the experiment which can be used to estimate the best value of the unknown variables. [4].
[[File:Untitled.png]]

==''Physical Measurement''==

[[File:meter.jpg]]

==''Physical Measurement''==
The physical measurement of the transformer has been performed by dismantling a transformer with identical model to the transformer under test (TR01-2016), The main objective is to reduce the seven (7) unknown parameters of the transformer 6 parameters, which can improve the Two-Port LSSA Method’s output value. The other aim of this experiment is to identify the transformer’s parameters, namely L1, L2, and Xm. This would be a comparison data for our main method result. The copper winding and the laminated core of the dismantled transformer is used for this part of the experiment

==''One port Measurement, at low voltage and High voltage''==

[[File:lv hv.jpg]]

==''Measurement Method Comparison''==

[[File:IMAG0388.jpg]]

The table above compares the impedance value of TR01-2016 for both primary and secondary winding obtained from different one-port measurement methods.
The trend of the comparison shows that the one-port least square method conducted in this project can be an intermediate between measuring with meter and open and short circuit test. It can be seen that as the method change from meter measurement to the one-port-least square method (by increasing the voltage source, VS), the model starts to change from ideal to simplified model where full rated voltage of the winding is suppled as an open circuit, the value of resistance increases. As the source voltage applied in the one-port network increased, the core resistance and magnetization reactance that exist in the core starts to be included, hence increasing the impedance obtained.

The secondary winding resistance value that has been found for One-port Least Square
at V s= 1.06V(RMS), and 100Hz, shows an error during running the matlab code or taking measured data from oscilloscope. It should be rechecked again.

=='''Reference'''==
[1]Soong, WL and Allison, AG 2014, ‘Electric Energy Systems’, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA.

[2]P.C. Sen, "Principle of Electric Machine and Power Electronics", 2th ed. Ontario, Canada, Ch. 2 sec 2.2, pp. 50-53.

[3]Apostol, TM, “Mathematical Analysis", 2nd ed. California, USA, Ch. 15, sec 15-4, pp. 464-465
[4]Huw Fox and Bill,Bolton, “Mathematics for Engineers and Technolofiessts", ISBN. 978-0-7506-5544-6., Ch. 1, , pp. 30.

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T05:33:46Z

A1681836:

=='''Project Title'''==
Measurement of Transformer Parameters

=='''Student Name '''==
Chen Qiao
Rahel Bekele Megersa

=='''Supervisors '''==

Dr. Andrew Alison Dr. Rastko Zivanovic

=='''Abstract'''==

This project is identifying a semi-automated method to perform best estimate of transformer parameters. The aim of the project is to use two-port network model to estimate the parameters for any transformer model using transmission parameters with less variable. The obtained data are analysed and compared with the corresponding values in different methods. It starts from an ideal and simplified transformer models, which applies one-port network on the transformer to be tested. The method of least squares is applied to obtain the best estimate input variables The optimization techniques, Lagrange Multiplier is also applied to minimise any discrepancy between the observed behaviour of a transformer and the predicted behaviour of the model. Analysis of non-linearity effects on transformer is the rest part of the project which involves identifying the characteristics in terms of magnetic field and current.

=='''Motivation'''==
The demand for electrical power is significantly increasing in our world. This shows that the number of power transformers is growing enormously, which play main role by stepping up and down voltage levels within transmission network and also used in electronic equipment. Thus, while maintaining existing transformers and designing new transformer, especially for low voltage transformers, accuracy of transformer parameters should be given also one of the priorities.
Our project, “Measurement of Transformer Parameter” has significance in this aspect as it investigates the methods used for estimating transformer parameter, which is capable of providing more accurate values of the parameters.

=='''Objective'''==

To develop a method for estimating the transformer parameters, the same transformers as the past project are used. To estimate the parameters, namely: winding resistance (R1, R2), winding leakage reactance (X1, X2), core resistance(Rc), and magnetizing reactance (Xm), four short circuit and open circuit tests are conducted on the transformer, setting it under unsaturated condition (linear model). From the test, the input and output voltages and currents of the transformer are measured. The 7th parameter is calculated through conducting a separate experiment, which involves winding a sensing coil on the transformer core.

=='''Introduction'''==
==''Transformer Parameter''==
Practically transformers produce loss during their operation life time. These losses are because of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the transformers components, and thus they are considered as parameters to model a transformer as an equivalent circuit[1]. The seven parameters of transformers are the following:
-R1, R2: Represents the power loss due to the resistive characteristics of the windings
-X1, X2: Represents the inductive property of the windings winding leakage reactance
-Rc: Represents the eddy current and hysteresis power loss of the core
-Xm: Represents the magnetization power needed to drive flux through the core
-n(or a): the ration of number of turns of primary to secondary winding

=='''Previous Study'''==
The previous project, “Estimation and Measurement of Transformer Parameters” has been taken as the basic input for our project. Developing Matlab code for least Square Spectral Analysis performed on the measured voltage and current values, applying T-parameters used to estimate the seven transformer parameters under linear condition, and developing non-linear model of transformer are the other aims of the project.

=='''Method and Result'''==

==''Method of Least Square for Phasors''==

Applying the fourier series theory [3] for a periodic function , having frequency of ω and N sample data, it can be represented as an infinite sum of cosine and sine terms of descrete frequency of integer multiple of ω. T
We have used the LSSA to change AC current and voltage signal in time domain in to phasor domain due to the fact that phasor representation of signals can accurately represent the signals in time domain compared with RMS values of the signals. That means dealing with phasor value of known variable is equivalent to the instantaneous value of the variables during the experiment which can be used to estimate the best value of the unknown variables. [4].
[[File:Untitled.png]]

==''Physical Measurement''==
The physical measurement of the transformer has been performed by dismantling a transformer with identical model to the transformer under test (TR01-2016), The main objective is to reduce the seven (7) unknown parameters of the transformer 6 parameters, which can improve the Two-Port LSSA Method’s output value. The other aim of this experiment is to identify the transformer’s parameters, namely L1, L2, and Xm. This would be a comparison data for our main method result. The copper winding and the laminated core of the dismantled transformer is used for this part of the experiment

==''One port Measurement, at low voltage and High voltage''==

[[File:lv hv.jpg]]

==''Measurement Method Comparison''==

[[File:IMAG0388.jpg]]

The table above compares the impedance value of TR01-2016 for both primary and secondary winding obtained from different one-port measurement methods.
The trend of the comparison shows that the one-port least square method conducted in this project can be an intermediate between measuring with meter and open and short circuit test. It can be seen that as the method change from meter measurement to the one-port-least square method (by increasing the voltage source, VS), the model starts to change from ideal to simplified model where full rated voltage of the winding is suppled as an open circuit, the value of resistance increases. As the source voltage applied in the one-port network increased, the core resistance and magnetization reactance that exist in the core starts to be included, hence increasing the impedance obtained.

The secondary winding resistance value that has been found for One-port Least Square
at V s= 1.06V(RMS), and 100Hz, shows an error during running the matlab code or taking measured data from oscilloscope. It should be rechecked again.

=='''Reference'''==
[1]Soong, WL and Allison, AG 2014, ‘Electric Energy Systems’, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA.

[2]P.C. Sen, "Principle of Electric Machine and Power Electronics", 2th ed. Ontario, Canada, Ch. 2 sec 2.2, pp. 50-53.

[3]Apostol, TM, “Mathematical Analysis", 2nd ed. California, USA, Ch. 15, sec 15-4, pp. 464-465
[4]Huw Fox and Bill,Bolton, “Mathematics for Engineers and Technolofiessts", ISBN. 978-0-7506-5544-6., Ch. 1, , pp. 30.

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T05:22:41Z

A1681836: /* Method of Least Square for Phasors */

=='''Project Title'''==
Measurement of Transformer Parameters

=='''Student Name '''==
Chen Qiao
Rahel Bekele Megersa

=='''Supervisors '''==

Dr. Andrew Alison Dr. Rastko Zivanovic

=='''Abstract'''==

This project is identifying a semi-automated method to perform best estimate of transformer parameters. The aim of the project is to use two-port network model to estimate the parameters for any transformer model using transmission parameters with less variable. The obtained data are analysed and compared with the corresponding values in different methods. It starts from an ideal and simplified transformer models, which applies one-port network on the transformer to be tested. The method of least squares is applied to obtain the best estimate input variables The optimization techniques, Lagrange Multiplier is also applied to minimise any discrepancy between the observed behaviour of a transformer and the predicted behaviour of the model. Analysis of non-linearity effects on transformer is the rest part of the project which involves identifying the characteristics in terms of magnetic field and current.

=='''Motivation'''==
The demand for electrical power is significantly increasing in our world. This shows that the number of power transformers is growing enormously, which play main role by stepping up and down voltage levels within transmission network and also used in electronic equipment. Thus, while maintaining existing transformers and designing new transformer, especially for low voltage transformers, accuracy of transformer parameters should be given also one of the priorities.
Our project, “Measurement of Transformer Parameter” has significance in this aspect as it investigates the methods used for estimating transformer parameter, which is capable of providing more accurate values of the parameters.

=='''Objective'''==

To develop a method for estimating the transformer parameters, the same transformers as the past project are used. To estimate the parameters, namely: winding resistance (R1, R2), winding leakage reactance (X1, X2), core resistance(Rc), and magnetizing reactance (Xm), four short circuit and open circuit tests are conducted on the transformer, setting it under unsaturated condition (linear model). From the test, the input and output voltages and currents of the transformer are measured. The 7th parameter is calculated through conducting a separate experiment, which involves winding a sensing coil on the transformer core.

=='''Introduction'''==
==''Transformer Parameter''==
Practically transformers produce loss during their operation life time. These losses are because of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the transformers components, and thus they are considered as parameters to model a transformer as an equivalent circuit[1]. The seven parameters of transformers are the following:
-R1, R2: Represents the power loss due to the resistive characteristics of the windings
-X1, X2: Represents the inductive property of the windings winding leakage reactance
-Rc: Represents the eddy current and hysteresis power loss of the core
-Xm: Represents the magnetization power needed to drive flux through the core
-n(or a): the ration of number of turns of primary to secondary winding

=='''Previous Study'''==
The previous project, “Estimation and Measurement of Transformer Parameters” has been taken as the basic input for our project. Developing Matlab code for least Square Spectral Analysis performed on the measured voltage and current values, applying T-parameters used to estimate the seven transformer parameters under linear condition, and developing non-linear model of transformer are the other aims of the project.

=='''Method and Result'''==

==''Method of Least Square for Phasors''==

Applying the fourier series theory [3] for a periodic function , having frequency of ω and N sample data, it can be represented as an infinite sum of cosine and sine terms of descrete frequency of integer multiple of ω. T
We have used the LSSA to change AC current and voltage signal in time domain in to phasor domain due to the fact that phasor representation of signals can accurately represent the signals in time domain compared with RMS values of the signals. That means dealing with phasor value of known variable is equivalent to the instantaneous value of the variables during the experiment which can be used to estimate the best value of the unknown variables. [3].
[[File:Untitled.png]]

==''Meter Measurement''==

[[File:meter.jpg]]

==''Physical Measurement''==
The physical measurement of the transformer has been performed by dismantling a transformer with identical model to the transformer under test (TR01-2016), The main objective is to reduce the seven (7) unknown parameters of the transformer 6 parameters, which can improve the Two-Port LSSA Method’s output value. The other aim of this experiment is to identify the transformer’s parameters, namely L1, L2, and Xm. This would be a comparison data for our main method result. The copper winding and the laminated core of the dismantled transformer is used for this part of the experiment

==''One port Measurement, at low voltage and High voltage''==

[[File:lv hv.jpg]]

==''Measurement Method Comparison''==

[[File:IMAG0388.jpg]]

The table above compares the impedance value of TR01-2016 for both primary and secondary winding obtained from different one-port measurement methods.
The trend of the comparison shows that the one-port least square method conducted in this project can be an intermediate between measuring with meter and open and short circuit test. It can be seen that as the method change from meter measurement to the one-port-least square method (by increasing the voltage source, VS), the model starts to change from ideal to simplified model where full rated voltage of the winding is suppled as an open circuit, the value of resistance increases. As the source voltage applied in the one-port network increased, the core resistance and magnetization reactance that exist in the core starts to be included, hence increasing the impedance obtained.

The secondary winding resistance value that has been found for One-port Least Square
at V s= 1.06V(RMS), and 100Hz, shows an error during running the matlab code or taking measured data from oscilloscope. It should be rechecked again.

=='''Reference'''==
[1]Soong, WL and Allison, AG 2014, ‘Electric Energy Systems’, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA.

[2]P.C. Sen, "Principle of Electric Machine and Power Electronics", 2th ed. Ontario, Canada, Ch. 2 sec 2.2, pp. 50-53.

[3]Huw Fox and Bill,Bolton, “Mathematics for Engineers and Technolofiessts", ISBN. 978-0-7506-5544-6., Ch. 1, , pp. 30.

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T05:21:33Z

A1681836:

=='''Project Title'''==
Measurement of Transformer Parameters

=='''Student Name '''==
Chen Qiao
Rahel Bekele Megersa

=='''Supervisors '''==

Dr. Andrew Alison Dr. Rastko Zivanovic

=='''Abstract'''==

This project is identifying a semi-automated method to perform best estimate of transformer parameters. The aim of the project is to use two-port network model to estimate the parameters for any transformer model using transmission parameters with less variable. The obtained data are analysed and compared with the corresponding values in different methods. It starts from an ideal and simplified transformer models, which applies one-port network on the transformer to be tested. The method of least squares is applied to obtain the best estimate input variables The optimization techniques, Lagrange Multiplier is also applied to minimise any discrepancy between the observed behaviour of a transformer and the predicted behaviour of the model. Analysis of non-linearity effects on transformer is the rest part of the project which involves identifying the characteristics in terms of magnetic field and current.

=='''Motivation'''==
The demand for electrical power is significantly increasing in our world. This shows that the number of power transformers is growing enormously, which play main role by stepping up and down voltage levels within transmission network and also used in electronic equipment. Thus, while maintaining existing transformers and designing new transformer, especially for low voltage transformers, accuracy of transformer parameters should be given also one of the priorities.
Our project, “Measurement of Transformer Parameter” has significance in this aspect as it investigates the methods used for estimating transformer parameter, which is capable of providing more accurate values of the parameters.

=='''Objective'''==

To develop a method for estimating the transformer parameters, the same transformers as the past project are used. To estimate the parameters, namely: winding resistance (R1, R2), winding leakage reactance (X1, X2), core resistance(Rc), and magnetizing reactance (Xm), four short circuit and open circuit tests are conducted on the transformer, setting it under unsaturated condition (linear model). From the test, the input and output voltages and currents of the transformer are measured. The 7th parameter is calculated through conducting a separate experiment, which involves winding a sensing coil on the transformer core.

=='''Introduction'''==
==''Transformer Parameter''==
Practically transformers produce loss during their operation life time. These losses are because of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the transformers components, and thus they are considered as parameters to model a transformer as an equivalent circuit[1]. The seven parameters of transformers are the following:
-R1, R2: Represents the power loss due to the resistive characteristics of the windings
-X1, X2: Represents the inductive property of the windings winding leakage reactance
-Rc: Represents the eddy current and hysteresis power loss of the core
-Xm: Represents the magnetization power needed to drive flux through the core
-n(or a): the ration of number of turns of primary to secondary winding

=='''Previous Study'''==
The previous project, “Estimation and Measurement of Transformer Parameters” has been taken as the basic input for our project. Developing Matlab code for least Square Spectral Analysis performed on the measured voltage and current values, applying T-parameters used to estimate the seven transformer parameters under linear condition, and developing non-linear model of transformer are the other aims of the project.

=='''Method and Result'''==

==''Method of Least Square for Phasors''==

Applying the fourier series theory [3] for a periodic function , having frequency of ω and N sample data, it can be represented as an infinite sum of cosine and sine terms of descrete frequency of integer multiple of ω. T
We have used the LSSA to change AC current and voltage signal in time domain in to phasor domain due to the fact that phasor representation of signals can accurately represent the signals in time domain compared with RMS values of the signals. That means dealing with phasor value of known variable is equivalent to the instantaneous value of the variables during the experiment which can be used to estimate the best value of the unknown variables. [4].
[[File:Untitled.png]]

==''Meter Measurement''==

[[File:meter.jpg]]

==''Physical Measurement''==
The physical measurement of the transformer has been performed by dismantling a transformer with identical model to the transformer under test (TR01-2016), The main objective is to reduce the seven (7) unknown parameters of the transformer 6 parameters, which can improve the Two-Port LSSA Method’s output value. The other aim of this experiment is to identify the transformer’s parameters, namely L1, L2, and Xm. This would be a comparison data for our main method result. The copper winding and the laminated core of the dismantled transformer is used for this part of the experiment

==''One port Measurement, at low voltage and High voltage''==

[[File:lv hv.jpg]]

==''Measurement Method Comparison''==

[[File:IMAG0388.jpg]]

The table above compares the impedance value of TR01-2016 for both primary and secondary winding obtained from different one-port measurement methods.
The trend of the comparison shows that the one-port least square method conducted in this project can be an intermediate between measuring with meter and open and short circuit test. It can be seen that as the method change from meter measurement to the one-port-least square method (by increasing the voltage source, VS), the model starts to change from ideal to simplified model where full rated voltage of the winding is suppled as an open circuit, the value of resistance increases. As the source voltage applied in the one-port network increased, the core resistance and magnetization reactance that exist in the core starts to be included, hence increasing the impedance obtained.

The secondary winding resistance value that has been found for One-port Least Square
at V s= 1.06V(RMS), and 100Hz, shows an error during running the matlab code or taking measured data from oscilloscope. It should be rechecked again.

=='''Reference'''==
[1]Soong, WL and Allison, AG 2014, ‘Electric Energy Systems’, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA.

[2]P.C. Sen, "Principle of Electric Machine and Power Electronics", 2th ed. Ontario, Canada, Ch. 2 sec 2.2, pp. 50-53.

[3]Huw Fox and Bill,Bolton, “Mathematics for Engineers and Technolofiessts", ISBN. 978-0-7506-5544-6., Ch. 1, , pp. 30.

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T05:19:04Z

A1681836: /* Reference */

=='''Project Title'''==
Measurement of Transformer Parameters

=='''Student Name '''==
Chen Qiao
Rahel Bekele Megersa

=='''Supervisors '''==

Dr. Andrew Alison Dr. Rastko Zivanovic

=='''Abstract'''==

This project is identifying a semi-automated method to perform best estimate of transformer parameters. The aim of the project is to use two-port network model to estimate the parameters for any transformer model using transmission parameters with less variable. The obtained data are analysed and compared with the corresponding values in different methods. It starts from an ideal and simplified transformer models, which applies one-port network on the transformer to be tested. The method of least squares is applied to obtain the best estimate input variables The optimization techniques, Lagrange Multiplier is also applied to minimise any discrepancy between the observed behaviour of a transformer and the predicted behaviour of the model. Analysis of non-linearity effects on transformer is the rest part of the project which involves identifying the characteristics in terms of magnetic field and current.

=='''Motivation'''==
The demand for electrical power is significantly increasing in our world. This shows that the number of power transformers is growing enormously, which play main role by stepping up and down voltage levels within transmission network and also used in electronic equipment. Thus, while maintaining existing transformers and designing new transformer, especially for low voltage transformers, accuracy of transformer parameters should be given also one of the priorities.
Our project, “Measurement of Transformer Parameter” has significance in this aspect as it investigates the methods used for estimating transformer parameter, which is capable of providing more accurate values of the parameters.

=='''Objective'''==

To develop a method for estimating the transformer parameters, the same transformers as the past project are used. To estimate the parameters, namely: winding resistance (R1, R2), winding leakage reactance (X1, X2), core resistance(Rc), and magnetizing reactance (Xm), four short circuit and open circuit tests are conducted on the transformer, setting it under unsaturated condition (linear model). From the test, the input and output voltages and currents of the transformer are measured. The 7th parameter is calculated through conducting a separate experiment, which involves winding a sensing coil on the transformer core.

=='''Introduction'''==
==''Transformer Parameter''==
Practically transformers produce loss during their operation life time. These losses are because of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the transformers components, and thus they are considered as parameters to model a transformer as an equivalent circuit[1]. The seven parameters of transformers are the following:
-R1, R2: Represents the power loss due to the resistive characteristics of the windings
-X1, X2: Represents the inductive property of the windings winding leakage reactance
-Rc: Represents the eddy current and hysteresis power loss of the core
-Xm: Represents the magnetization power needed to drive flux through the core
-n(or a): the ration of number of turns of primary to secondary winding

=='''Previous Study'''==
The previous project, “Estimation and Measurement of Transformer Parameters” has been taken as the basic input for our project. Developing Matlab code for least Square Spectral Analysis performed on the measured voltage and current values, applying T-parameters used to estimate the seven transformer parameters under linear condition, and developing non-linear model of transformer are the other aims of the project.

=='''Method and Result'''==

==''Method of Least Square for Phasors''==

Applying the fourier series theory [3] for a periodic function , having frequency of ω and N sample data, it can be represented as an infinite sum of cosine and sine terms of descrete frequency of integer multiple of ω. T
We have used the LSSA to change AC current and voltage signal in time domain in to phasor domain due to the fact that phasor representation of signals can accurately represent the signals in time domain compared with RMS values of the signals. That means dealing with phasor value of known variable is equivalent to the instantaneous value of the variables during the experiment which can be used to estimate the best value of the unknown variables. [4].
[[File:Untitled.png]]

==''Physical Measurement''==
The physical measurement of the transformer has been performed by dismantling a transformer with identical model to the transformer under test (TR01-2016), The main objective is to reduce the seven (7) unknown parameters of the transformer 6 parameters, which can improve the Two-Port LSSA Method’s output value. The other aim of this experiment is to identify the transformer’s parameters, namely L1, L2, and Xm. This would be a comparison data for our main method result. The copper winding and the laminated core of the dismantled transformer is used for this part of the experiment

==''One port Measurement, at low voltage and High voltage''==

[[File:lv hv.jpg]]

==''Measurement Method Comparison''==

[[File:IMAG0388.jpg]]

The table above compares the impedance value of TR01-2016 for both primary and secondary winding obtained from different one-port measurement methods.
The trend of the comparison shows that the one-port least square method conducted in this project can be an intermediate between measuring with meter and open and short circuit test. It can be seen that as the method change from meter measurement to the one-port-least square method (by increasing the voltage source, VS), the model starts to change from ideal to simplified model where full rated voltage of the winding is suppled as an open circuit, the value of resistance increases. As the source voltage applied in the one-port network increased, the core resistance and magnetization reactance that exist in the core starts to be included, hence increasing the impedance obtained.

The secondary winding resistance value that has been found for One-port Least Square
at V s= 1.06V(RMS), and 100Hz, shows an error during running the matlab code or taking measured data from oscilloscope. It should be rechecked again.

=='''Reference'''==
[1]Soong, WL and Allison, AG 2014, ‘Electric Energy Systems’, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA.

[2]P.C. Sen, "Principle of Electric Machine and Power Electronics", 2th ed. Ontario, Canada, Ch. 2 sec 2.2, pp. 50-53.

[3]Huw Fox and Bill,Bolton, “Mathematics for Engineers and Technolofiessts", ISBN. 978-0-7506-5544-6., Ch. 1, , pp. 30.

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T05:18:01Z

A1681836: /* Measurement Comparison */

=='''Project Title'''==
Measurement of Transformer Parameters

=='''Student Name '''==
Chen Qiao
Rahel Bekele Megersa

=='''Supervisors '''==

Dr. Andrew Alison Dr. Rastko Zivanovic

=='''Abstract'''==

This project is identifying a semi-automated method to perform best estimate of transformer parameters. The aim of the project is to use two-port network model to estimate the parameters for any transformer model using transmission parameters with less variable. The obtained data are analysed and compared with the corresponding values in different methods. It starts from an ideal and simplified transformer models, which applies one-port network on the transformer to be tested. The method of least squares is applied to obtain the best estimate input variables The optimization techniques, Lagrange Multiplier is also applied to minimise any discrepancy between the observed behaviour of a transformer and the predicted behaviour of the model. Analysis of non-linearity effects on transformer is the rest part of the project which involves identifying the characteristics in terms of magnetic field and current.

=='''Motivation'''==
The demand for electrical power is significantly increasing in our world. This shows that the number of power transformers is growing enormously, which play main role by stepping up and down voltage levels within transmission network and also used in electronic equipment. Thus, while maintaining existing transformers and designing new transformer, especially for low voltage transformers, accuracy of transformer parameters should be given also one of the priorities.
Our project, “Measurement of Transformer Parameter” has significance in this aspect as it investigates the methods used for estimating transformer parameter, which is capable of providing more accurate values of the parameters.

=='''Objective'''==

To develop a method for estimating the transformer parameters, the same transformers as the past project are used. To estimate the parameters, namely: winding resistance (R1, R2), winding leakage reactance (X1, X2), core resistance(Rc), and magnetizing reactance (Xm), four short circuit and open circuit tests are conducted on the transformer, setting it under unsaturated condition (linear model). From the test, the input and output voltages and currents of the transformer are measured. The 7th parameter is calculated through conducting a separate experiment, which involves winding a sensing coil on the transformer core.

=='''Introduction'''==
==''Transformer Parameter''==
Practically transformers produce loss during their operation life time. These losses are because of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the transformers components, and thus they are considered as parameters to model a transformer as an equivalent circuit[1]. The seven parameters of transformers are the following:
-R1, R2: Represents the power loss due to the resistive characteristics of the windings
-X1, X2: Represents the inductive property of the windings winding leakage reactance
-Rc: Represents the eddy current and hysteresis power loss of the core
-Xm: Represents the magnetization power needed to drive flux through the core
-n(or a): the ration of number of turns of primary to secondary winding

=='''Previous Study'''==
The previous project, “Estimation and Measurement of Transformer Parameters” has been taken as the basic input for our project. Developing Matlab code for least Square Spectral Analysis performed on the measured voltage and current values, applying T-parameters used to estimate the seven transformer parameters under linear condition, and developing non-linear model of transformer are the other aims of the project.

=='''Method and Result'''==

==''Method of Least Square for Phasors''==

Applying the fourier series theory [3] for a periodic function , having frequency of ω and N sample data, it can be represented as an infinite sum of cosine and sine terms of descrete frequency of integer multiple of ω. T
We have used the LSSA to change AC current and voltage signal in time domain in to phasor domain due to the fact that phasor representation of signals can accurately represent the signals in time domain compared with RMS values of the signals. That means dealing with phasor value of known variable is equivalent to the instantaneous value of the variables during the experiment which can be used to estimate the best value of the unknown variables. [4].
[[File:Untitled.png]]

==''Physical Measurement''==
The physical measurement of the transformer has been performed by dismantling a transformer with identical model to the transformer under test (TR01-2016), The main objective is to reduce the seven (7) unknown parameters of the transformer 6 parameters, which can improve the Two-Port LSSA Method’s output value. The other aim of this experiment is to identify the transformer’s parameters, namely L1, L2, and Xm. This would be a comparison data for our main method result. The copper winding and the laminated core of the dismantled transformer is used for this part of the experiment

==''One port Measurement, at low voltage and High voltage''==

[[File:lv hv.jpg]]

==''Measurement Method Comparison''==

[[File:IMAG0388.jpg]]

The table above compares the impedance value of TR01-2016 for both primary and secondary winding obtained from different one-port measurement methods.
The trend of the comparison shows that the one-port least square method conducted in this project can be an intermediate between measuring with meter and open and short circuit test. It can be seen that as the method change from meter measurement to the one-port-least square method (by increasing the voltage source, VS), the model starts to change from ideal to simplified model where full rated voltage of the winding is suppled as an open circuit, the value of resistance increases. As the source voltage applied in the one-port network increased, the core resistance and magnetization reactance that exist in the core starts to be included, hence increasing the impedance obtained.

The secondary winding resistance value that has been found for One-port Least Square
at V s= 1.06V(RMS), and 100Hz, shows an error during running the matlab code or taking measured data from oscilloscope. It should be rechecked again.

=='''Reference'''==
[1]Soong, WL and Allison, AG 2014, ‘Electric Energy Systems’, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA.

[2]P.C. Sen, "Principle of Electric Machine and Power Electronics", 2th ed. Ontario, Canada, Ch. 2 sec 2.2, pp. 50-53.

[3]Simon Raho, et al,, “Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics", 3rd ed-5544-6. New York, USA, Ch. 4, , pp. 180.

File:Meter.jpg

2016-10-26T05:16:36Z

A1681836:

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T05:15:35Z

A1681836: /* Physical Measurement */

=='''Project Title'''==
Measurement of Transformer Parameters

=='''Student Name '''==
Chen Qiao
Rahel Bekele Megersa

=='''Supervisors '''==

Dr. Andrew Alison Dr. Rastko Zivanovic

=='''Abstract'''==

This project is identifying a semi-automated method to perform best estimate of transformer parameters. The aim of the project is to use two-port network model to estimate the parameters for any transformer model using transmission parameters with less variable. The obtained data are analysed and compared with the corresponding values in different methods. It starts from an ideal and simplified transformer models, which applies one-port network on the transformer to be tested. The method of least squares is applied to obtain the best estimate input variables The optimization techniques, Lagrange Multiplier is also applied to minimise any discrepancy between the observed behaviour of a transformer and the predicted behaviour of the model. Analysis of non-linearity effects on transformer is the rest part of the project which involves identifying the characteristics in terms of magnetic field and current.

=='''Motivation'''==
The demand for electrical power is significantly increasing in our world. This shows that the number of power transformers is growing enormously, which play main role by stepping up and down voltage levels within transmission network and also used in electronic equipment. Thus, while maintaining existing transformers and designing new transformer, especially for low voltage transformers, accuracy of transformer parameters should be given also one of the priorities.
Our project, “Measurement of Transformer Parameter” has significance in this aspect as it investigates the methods used for estimating transformer parameter, which is capable of providing more accurate values of the parameters.

=='''Objective'''==

To develop a method for estimating the transformer parameters, the same transformers as the past project are used. To estimate the parameters, namely: winding resistance (R1, R2), winding leakage reactance (X1, X2), core resistance(Rc), and magnetizing reactance (Xm), four short circuit and open circuit tests are conducted on the transformer, setting it under unsaturated condition (linear model). From the test, the input and output voltages and currents of the transformer are measured. The 7th parameter is calculated through conducting a separate experiment, which involves winding a sensing coil on the transformer core.

=='''Introduction'''==
==''Transformer Parameter''==
Practically transformers produce loss during their operation life time. These losses are because of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the transformers components, and thus they are considered as parameters to model a transformer as an equivalent circuit[1]. The seven parameters of transformers are the following:
-R1, R2: Represents the power loss due to the resistive characteristics of the windings
-X1, X2: Represents the inductive property of the windings winding leakage reactance
-Rc: Represents the eddy current and hysteresis power loss of the core
-Xm: Represents the magnetization power needed to drive flux through the core
-n(or a): the ration of number of turns of primary to secondary winding

=='''Previous Study'''==
The previous project, “Estimation and Measurement of Transformer Parameters” has been taken as the basic input for our project. Developing Matlab code for least Square Spectral Analysis performed on the measured voltage and current values, applying T-parameters used to estimate the seven transformer parameters under linear condition, and developing non-linear model of transformer are the other aims of the project.

=='''Method and Result'''==

==''Method of Least Square for Phasors''==

Applying the fourier series theory [3] for a periodic function , having frequency of ω and N sample data, it can be represented as an infinite sum of cosine and sine terms of descrete frequency of integer multiple of ω. T
We have used the LSSA to change AC current and voltage signal in time domain in to phasor domain due to the fact that phasor representation of signals can accurately represent the signals in time domain compared with RMS values of the signals. That means dealing with phasor value of known variable is equivalent to the instantaneous value of the variables during the experiment which can be used to estimate the best value of the unknown variables. [4].
[[File:Untitled.png]]

==''Physical Measurement''==
The physical measurement of the transformer has been performed by dismantling a transformer with identical model to the transformer under test (TR01-2016), The main objective is to reduce the seven (7) unknown parameters of the transformer 6 parameters, which can improve the Two-Port LSSA Method’s output value. The other aim of this experiment is to identify the transformer’s parameters, namely L1, L2, and Xm. This would be a comparison data for our main method result. The copper winding and the laminated core of the dismantled transformer is used for this part of the experiment

==''One port Measurement, at low voltage and High voltage''==

[[File:lv hv.jpg]]

==''Measurement Comparison''==

[[File:IMAG0388.jpg]]

The table above compares the impedance value of TR01-2016 for both primary and secondary winding obtained from different one-port measurement methods.
The trend of the comparison shows that the one-port least square method conducted in this project can be an intermediate between measuring with meter and open and short circuit test. It can be seen that as the method change from meter measurement to the one-port-least square method (by increasing the voltage source, VS), the model starts to change from ideal to simplified model where full rated voltage of the winding is suppled as an open circuit, the value of resistance increases. As the source voltage applied in the one-port network increased, the core resistance and magnetization reactance that exist in the core starts to be included, hence increasing the impedance obtained.

The secondary winding resistance value that has been found for One-port Least Square
at V s= 1.06V(RMS), and 100Hz, shows an error during running the matlab code or taking measured data from oscilloscope. It should be rechecked again.

=='''Reference'''==
[1]Soong, WL and Allison, AG 2014, ‘Electric Energy Systems’, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA.

[2]P.C. Sen, "Principle of Electric Machine and Power Electronics", 2th ed. Ontario, Canada, Ch. 2 sec 2.2, pp. 50-53.

[3]Simon Raho, et al,, “Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics", 3rd ed-5544-6. New York, USA, Ch. 4, , pp. 180.

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T05:12:58Z

A1681836: /* One port Measurement, at low voltage and High voltage */

=='''Project Title'''==
Measurement of Transformer Parameters

=='''Student Name '''==
Chen Qiao
Rahel Bekele Megersa

=='''Supervisors '''==

Dr. Andrew Alison Dr. Rastko Zivanovic

=='''Abstract'''==

This project is identifying a semi-automated method to perform best estimate of transformer parameters. The aim of the project is to use two-port network model to estimate the parameters for any transformer model using transmission parameters with less variable. The obtained data are analysed and compared with the corresponding values in different methods. It starts from an ideal and simplified transformer models, which applies one-port network on the transformer to be tested. The method of least squares is applied to obtain the best estimate input variables The optimization techniques, Lagrange Multiplier is also applied to minimise any discrepancy between the observed behaviour of a transformer and the predicted behaviour of the model. Analysis of non-linearity effects on transformer is the rest part of the project which involves identifying the characteristics in terms of magnetic field and current.

=='''Motivation'''==
The demand for electrical power is significantly increasing in our world. This shows that the number of power transformers is growing enormously, which play main role by stepping up and down voltage levels within transmission network and also used in electronic equipment. Thus, while maintaining existing transformers and designing new transformer, especially for low voltage transformers, accuracy of transformer parameters should be given also one of the priorities.
Our project, “Measurement of Transformer Parameter” has significance in this aspect as it investigates the methods used for estimating transformer parameter, which is capable of providing more accurate values of the parameters.

=='''Objective'''==

To develop a method for estimating the transformer parameters, the same transformers as the past project are used. To estimate the parameters, namely: winding resistance (R1, R2), winding leakage reactance (X1, X2), core resistance(Rc), and magnetizing reactance (Xm), four short circuit and open circuit tests are conducted on the transformer, setting it under unsaturated condition (linear model). From the test, the input and output voltages and currents of the transformer are measured. The 7th parameter is calculated through conducting a separate experiment, which involves winding a sensing coil on the transformer core.

=='''Introduction'''==
==''Transformer Parameter''==
Practically transformers produce loss during their operation life time. These losses are because of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the transformers components, and thus they are considered as parameters to model a transformer as an equivalent circuit[1]. The seven parameters of transformers are the following:
-R1, R2: Represents the power loss due to the resistive characteristics of the windings
-X1, X2: Represents the inductive property of the windings winding leakage reactance
-Rc: Represents the eddy current and hysteresis power loss of the core
-Xm: Represents the magnetization power needed to drive flux through the core
-n(or a): the ration of number of turns of primary to secondary winding

=='''Previous Study'''==
The previous project, “Estimation and Measurement of Transformer Parameters” has been taken as the basic input for our project. Developing Matlab code for least Square Spectral Analysis performed on the measured voltage and current values, applying T-parameters used to estimate the seven transformer parameters under linear condition, and developing non-linear model of transformer are the other aims of the project.

=='''Method and Result'''==

==''Method of Least Square for Phasors''==

Applying the fourier series theory [3] for a periodic function , having frequency of ω and N sample data, it can be represented as an infinite sum of cosine and sine terms of descrete frequency of integer multiple of ω. T
We have used the LSSA to change AC current and voltage signal in time domain in to phasor domain due to the fact that phasor representation of signals can accurately represent the signals in time domain compared with RMS values of the signals. That means dealing with phasor value of known variable is equivalent to the instantaneous value of the variables during the experiment which can be used to estimate the best value of the unknown variables. [4].
[[File:Untitled.png]]

==''Physical Measurement''==
The physical measurement of the transformer has been performed by dismantling a transformer with identical model to the transformer under test (TR01-2016), The main objective is to reduce the seven (7) unknown parameters of the transformer 6 parameters, which can improve the Two-Port LSSA Method’s output value. The other aim of this experiment is to identify the transformer’s parameters, namely L1, L2, and Xm. This would be a comparison data for our main method result. The copper winding and the laminated core of the dismantled transformer is used for this part of the experiment

[[File:lv hv.jpg]]==''One port Measurement, at low voltage and High voltage''==

==''Measurement Comparison''==

[[File:IMAG0388.jpg]]

The table above compares the impedance value of TR01-2016 for both primary and secondary winding obtained from different one-port measurement methods.
The trend of the comparison shows that the one-port least square method conducted in this project can be an intermediate between measuring with meter and open and short circuit test. It can be seen that as the method change from meter measurement to the one-port-least square method (by increasing the voltage source, VS), the model starts to change from ideal to simplified model where full rated voltage of the winding is suppled as an open circuit, the value of resistance increases. As the source voltage applied in the one-port network increased, the core resistance and magnetization reactance that exist in the core starts to be included, hence increasing the impedance obtained.

The secondary winding resistance value that has been found for One-port Least Square
at V s= 1.06V(RMS), and 100Hz, shows an error during running the matlab code or taking measured data from oscilloscope. It should be rechecked again.

=='''Reference'''==
[1]Soong, WL and Allison, AG 2014, ‘Electric Energy Systems’, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA.

[2]P.C. Sen, "Principle of Electric Machine and Power Electronics", 2th ed. Ontario, Canada, Ch. 2 sec 2.2, pp. 50-53.

[3]Simon Raho, et al,, “Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics", 3rd ed-5544-6. New York, USA, Ch. 4, , pp. 180.

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T05:12:23Z

A1681836: /* Measurement Comparison' */

=='''Project Title'''==
Measurement of Transformer Parameters

=='''Student Name '''==
Chen Qiao
Rahel Bekele Megersa

=='''Supervisors '''==

Dr. Andrew Alison Dr. Rastko Zivanovic

=='''Abstract'''==

This project is identifying a semi-automated method to perform best estimate of transformer parameters. The aim of the project is to use two-port network model to estimate the parameters for any transformer model using transmission parameters with less variable. The obtained data are analysed and compared with the corresponding values in different methods. It starts from an ideal and simplified transformer models, which applies one-port network on the transformer to be tested. The method of least squares is applied to obtain the best estimate input variables The optimization techniques, Lagrange Multiplier is also applied to minimise any discrepancy between the observed behaviour of a transformer and the predicted behaviour of the model. Analysis of non-linearity effects on transformer is the rest part of the project which involves identifying the characteristics in terms of magnetic field and current.

=='''Motivation'''==
The demand for electrical power is significantly increasing in our world. This shows that the number of power transformers is growing enormously, which play main role by stepping up and down voltage levels within transmission network and also used in electronic equipment. Thus, while maintaining existing transformers and designing new transformer, especially for low voltage transformers, accuracy of transformer parameters should be given also one of the priorities.
Our project, “Measurement of Transformer Parameter” has significance in this aspect as it investigates the methods used for estimating transformer parameter, which is capable of providing more accurate values of the parameters.

=='''Objective'''==

To develop a method for estimating the transformer parameters, the same transformers as the past project are used. To estimate the parameters, namely: winding resistance (R1, R2), winding leakage reactance (X1, X2), core resistance(Rc), and magnetizing reactance (Xm), four short circuit and open circuit tests are conducted on the transformer, setting it under unsaturated condition (linear model). From the test, the input and output voltages and currents of the transformer are measured. The 7th parameter is calculated through conducting a separate experiment, which involves winding a sensing coil on the transformer core.

=='''Introduction'''==
==''Transformer Parameter''==
Practically transformers produce loss during their operation life time. These losses are because of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the transformers components, and thus they are considered as parameters to model a transformer as an equivalent circuit[1]. The seven parameters of transformers are the following:
-R1, R2: Represents the power loss due to the resistive characteristics of the windings
-X1, X2: Represents the inductive property of the windings winding leakage reactance
-Rc: Represents the eddy current and hysteresis power loss of the core
-Xm: Represents the magnetization power needed to drive flux through the core
-n(or a): the ration of number of turns of primary to secondary winding

=='''Previous Study'''==
The previous project, “Estimation and Measurement of Transformer Parameters” has been taken as the basic input for our project. Developing Matlab code for least Square Spectral Analysis performed on the measured voltage and current values, applying T-parameters used to estimate the seven transformer parameters under linear condition, and developing non-linear model of transformer are the other aims of the project.

=='''Method and Result'''==

==''Method of Least Square for Phasors''==

Applying the fourier series theory [3] for a periodic function , having frequency of ω and N sample data, it can be represented as an infinite sum of cosine and sine terms of descrete frequency of integer multiple of ω. T
We have used the LSSA to change AC current and voltage signal in time domain in to phasor domain due to the fact that phasor representation of signals can accurately represent the signals in time domain compared with RMS values of the signals. That means dealing with phasor value of known variable is equivalent to the instantaneous value of the variables during the experiment which can be used to estimate the best value of the unknown variables. [4].
[[File:Untitled.png]]

==''Physical Measurement''==
The physical measurement of the transformer has been performed by dismantling a transformer with identical model to the transformer under test (TR01-2016), The main objective is to reduce the seven (7) unknown parameters of the transformer 6 parameters, which can improve the Two-Port LSSA Method’s output value. The other aim of this experiment is to identify the transformer’s parameters, namely L1, L2, and Xm. This would be a comparison data for our main method result. The copper winding and the laminated core of the dismantled transformer is used for this part of the experiment

==''One port Measurement, at low voltage and High voltage''==

==''Measurement Comparison''==

[[File:IMAG0388.jpg]]

The table above compares the impedance value of TR01-2016 for both primary and secondary winding obtained from different one-port measurement methods.
The trend of the comparison shows that the one-port least square method conducted in this project can be an intermediate between measuring with meter and open and short circuit test. It can be seen that as the method change from meter measurement to the one-port-least square method (by increasing the voltage source, VS), the model starts to change from ideal to simplified model where full rated voltage of the winding is suppled as an open circuit, the value of resistance increases. As the source voltage applied in the one-port network increased, the core resistance and magnetization reactance that exist in the core starts to be included, hence increasing the impedance obtained.

The secondary winding resistance value that has been found for One-port Least Square
at V s= 1.06V(RMS), and 100Hz, shows an error during running the matlab code or taking measured data from oscilloscope. It should be rechecked again.

=='''Reference'''==
[1]Soong, WL and Allison, AG 2014, ‘Electric Energy Systems’, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA.

[2]P.C. Sen, "Principle of Electric Machine and Power Electronics", 2th ed. Ontario, Canada, Ch. 2 sec 2.2, pp. 50-53.

[3]Simon Raho, et al,, “Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics", 3rd ed-5544-6. New York, USA, Ch. 4, , pp. 180.

File:IMAG0388.jpg

2016-10-26T05:11:27Z

A1681836:

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T05:09:38Z

A1681836:

=='''Project Title'''==
Measurement of Transformer Parameters

=='''Student Name '''==
Chen Qiao
Rahel Bekele Megersa

=='''Supervisors '''==

Dr. Andrew Alison Dr. Rastko Zivanovic

=='''Abstract'''==

This project is identifying a semi-automated method to perform best estimate of transformer parameters. The aim of the project is to use two-port network model to estimate the parameters for any transformer model using transmission parameters with less variable. The obtained data are analysed and compared with the corresponding values in different methods. It starts from an ideal and simplified transformer models, which applies one-port network on the transformer to be tested. The method of least squares is applied to obtain the best estimate input variables The optimization techniques, Lagrange Multiplier is also applied to minimise any discrepancy between the observed behaviour of a transformer and the predicted behaviour of the model. Analysis of non-linearity effects on transformer is the rest part of the project which involves identifying the characteristics in terms of magnetic field and current.

=='''Motivation'''==
The demand for electrical power is significantly increasing in our world. This shows that the number of power transformers is growing enormously, which play main role by stepping up and down voltage levels within transmission network and also used in electronic equipment. Thus, while maintaining existing transformers and designing new transformer, especially for low voltage transformers, accuracy of transformer parameters should be given also one of the priorities.
Our project, “Measurement of Transformer Parameter” has significance in this aspect as it investigates the methods used for estimating transformer parameter, which is capable of providing more accurate values of the parameters.

=='''Objective'''==

To develop a method for estimating the transformer parameters, the same transformers as the past project are used. To estimate the parameters, namely: winding resistance (R1, R2), winding leakage reactance (X1, X2), core resistance(Rc), and magnetizing reactance (Xm), four short circuit and open circuit tests are conducted on the transformer, setting it under unsaturated condition (linear model). From the test, the input and output voltages and currents of the transformer are measured. The 7th parameter is calculated through conducting a separate experiment, which involves winding a sensing coil on the transformer core.

=='''Introduction'''==
==''Transformer Parameter''==
Practically transformers produce loss during their operation life time. These losses are because of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the transformers components, and thus they are considered as parameters to model a transformer as an equivalent circuit[1]. The seven parameters of transformers are the following:
-R1, R2: Represents the power loss due to the resistive characteristics of the windings
-X1, X2: Represents the inductive property of the windings winding leakage reactance
-Rc: Represents the eddy current and hysteresis power loss of the core
-Xm: Represents the magnetization power needed to drive flux through the core
-n(or a): the ration of number of turns of primary to secondary winding

=='''Previous Study'''==
The previous project, “Estimation and Measurement of Transformer Parameters” has been taken as the basic input for our project. Developing Matlab code for least Square Spectral Analysis performed on the measured voltage and current values, applying T-parameters used to estimate the seven transformer parameters under linear condition, and developing non-linear model of transformer are the other aims of the project.

=='''Method and Result'''==

==''Method of Least Square for Phasors''==

Applying the fourier series theory [3] for a periodic function , having frequency of ω and N sample data, it can be represented as an infinite sum of cosine and sine terms of descrete frequency of integer multiple of ω. T
We have used the LSSA to change AC current and voltage signal in time domain in to phasor domain due to the fact that phasor representation of signals can accurately represent the signals in time domain compared with RMS values of the signals. That means dealing with phasor value of known variable is equivalent to the instantaneous value of the variables during the experiment which can be used to estimate the best value of the unknown variables. [4].
[[File:Untitled.png]]

==''Physical Measurement''==
The physical measurement of the transformer has been performed by dismantling a transformer with identical model to the transformer under test (TR01-2016), The main objective is to reduce the seven (7) unknown parameters of the transformer 6 parameters, which can improve the Two-Port LSSA Method’s output value. The other aim of this experiment is to identify the transformer’s parameters, namely L1, L2, and Xm. This would be a comparison data for our main method result. The copper winding and the laminated core of the dismantled transformer is used for this part of the experiment

==''One port Measurement, at low voltage and High voltage''==

==''Measurement Comparison'==

The table above compares the impedance value of TR01-2016 for both primary and secondary winding obtained from different one-port measurement methods.
The trend of the comparison shows that the one-port least square method conducted in this project can be an intermediate between measuring with meter and open and short circuit test. It can be seen that as the method change from meter measurement to the one-port-least square method (by increasing the voltage source, VS), the model starts to change from ideal to simplified model where full rated voltage of the winding is suppled as an open circuit, the value of resistance increases. As the source voltage applied in the one-port network increased, the core resistance and magnetization reactance that exist in the core starts to be included, hence increasing the impedance obtained.

The secondary winding resistance value that has been found for One-port Least Square
at V s= 1.06V(RMS), and 100Hz, shows an error during running the matlab code or taking measured data from oscilloscope. It should be rechecked again.

=='''Reference'''==
[1]Soong, WL and Allison, AG 2014, ‘Electric Energy Systems’, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA.

[2]P.C. Sen, "Principle of Electric Machine and Power Electronics", 2th ed. Ontario, Canada, Ch. 2 sec 2.2, pp. 50-53.

[3]Simon Raho, et al,, “Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics", 3rd ed-5544-6. New York, USA, Ch. 4, , pp. 180.

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T05:05:43Z

A1681836:

=='''Project Title'''==
Measurement of Transformer Parameters

=='''Student Name '''==
Chen Qiao
Rahel Bekele Megersa

=='''Supervisors '''==

Dr. Andrew Alison Dr. Rastko Zivanovic

=='''Abstract'''==

This project is identifying a semi-automated method to perform best estimate of transformer parameters. The aim of the project is to use two-port network model to estimate the parameters for any transformer model using transmission parameters with less variable. The obtained data are analysed and compared with the corresponding values in different methods. It starts from an ideal and simplified transformer models, which applies one-port network on the transformer to be tested. The method of least squares is applied to obtain the best estimate input variables The optimization techniques, Lagrange Multiplier is also applied to minimise any discrepancy between the observed behaviour of a transformer and the predicted behaviour of the model. Analysis of non-linearity effects on transformer is the rest part of the project which involves identifying the characteristics in terms of magnetic field and current.

=='''Motivation'''==
The demand for electrical power is significantly increasing in our world. This shows that the number of power transformers is growing enormously, which play main role by stepping up and down voltage levels within transmission network and also used in electronic equipment. Thus, while maintaining existing transformers and designing new transformer, especially for low voltage transformers, accuracy of transformer parameters should be given also one of the priorities.
Our project, “Measurement of Transformer Parameter” has significance in this aspect as it investigates the methods used for estimating transformer parameter, which is capable of providing more accurate values of the parameters.

=='''Objective'''==

To develop a method for estimating the transformer parameters, the same transformers as the past project are used. To estimate the parameters, namely: winding resistance (R1, R2), winding leakage reactance (X1, X2), core resistance(Rc), and magnetizing reactance (Xm), four short circuit and open circuit tests are conducted on the transformer, setting it under unsaturated condition (linear model). From the test, the input and output voltages and currents of the transformer are measured. The 7th parameter is calculated through conducting a separate experiment, which involves winding a sensing coil on the transformer core.

=='''Introduction'''==
==''Transformer Parameter''==
Practically transformers produce loss during their operation life time. These losses are because of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the transformers components, and thus they are considered as parameters to model a transformer as an equivalent circuit[1]. The seven parameters of transformers are the following:
-R1, R2: Represents the power loss due to the resistive characteristics of the windings
-X1, X2: Represents the inductive property of the windings winding leakage reactance
-Rc: Represents the eddy current and hysteresis power loss of the core
-Xm: Represents the magnetization power needed to drive flux through the core
-n(or a): the ration of number of turns of primary to secondary winding

=='''Previous Study'''==
The previous project, “Estimation and Measurement of Transformer Parameters” has been taken as the basic input for our project. Developing Matlab code for least Square Spectral Analysis performed on the measured voltage and current values, applying T-parameters used to estimate the seven transformer parameters under linear condition, and developing non-linear model of transformer are the other aims of the project.

=='''Method and Result'''==

==''Method of Least Square for Phasors''==

Applying the fourier series theory [3] for a periodic function , having frequency of ω and N sample data, it can be represented as an infinite sum of cosine and sine terms of descrete frequency of integer multiple of ω. T
We have used the LSSA to change AC current and voltage signal in time domain in to phasor domain due to the fact that phasor representation of signals can accurately represent the signals in time domain compared with RMS values of the signals. That means dealing with phasor value of known variable is equivalent to the instantaneous value of the variables during the experiment which can be used to estimate the best value of the unknown variables. [4].
[[File:Untitled.png]]

==''Physical Measurement''==
The physical measurement of the transformer has been performed by dismantling a transformer with identical model to the transformer under test (TR01-2016), The main objective is to reduce the seven (7) unknown parameters of the transformer 6 parameters, which can improve the Two-Port LSSA Method’s output value. The other aim of this experiment is to identify the transformer’s parameters, namely L1, L2, and Xm. This would be a comparison data for our main method result. The copper winding and the laminated core of the dismantled transformer is used for this part of the experiment

==''One port Measurement, at low voltage and High voltage''==

[[File:lv hv.png]]

==''Measurement Comparison'==

[[File:Untitled.png]]

The table above compares the impedance value of TR01-2016 for both primary and secondary winding obtained from different one-port measurement methods.
The trend of the comparison shows that the one-port least square method conducted in this project can be an intermediate between measuring with meter and open and short circuit test. It can be seen that as the method change from meter measurement to the one-port-least square method (by increasing the voltage source, VS), the model starts to change from ideal to simplified model where full rated voltage of the winding is suppled as an open circuit, the value of resistance increases. As the source voltage applied in the one-port network increased, the core resistance and magnetization reactance that exist in the core starts to be included, hence increasing the impedance obtained.

The secondary winding resistance value that has been found for One-port Least Square
at V s= 1.06V(RMS), and 100Hz, shows an error during running the matlab code or taking measured data from oscilloscope. It should be rechecked again.

=='''Reference'''==
[1]Soong, WL and Allison, AG 2014, ‘Electric Energy Systems’, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA.

[2]P.C. Sen, "Principle of Electric Machine and Power Electronics", 2th ed. Ontario, Canada, Ch. 2 sec 2.2, pp. 50-53.

[3]Simon Raho, et al,, “Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics", 3rd ed-5544-6. New York, USA, Ch. 4, , pp. 180.

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T05:02:23Z

A1681836: /* One port Measurement, at low voltage and High voltage */

=='''Project Title'''==
Measurement of Transformer Parameters

=='''Student Name '''==
Chen Qiao
Rahel Bekele Megersa

=='''Supervisors '''==

Dr. Andrew Alison Dr. Rastko Zivanovic

=='''Abstract'''==

This project is identifying a semi-automated method to perform best estimate of transformer parameters. The aim of the project is to use two-port network model to estimate the parameters for any transformer model using transmission parameters with less variable. The obtained data are analysed and compared with the corresponding values in different methods. It starts from an ideal and simplified transformer models, which applies one-port network on the transformer to be tested. The method of least squares is applied to obtain the best estimate input variables The optimization techniques, Lagrange Multiplier is also applied to minimise any discrepancy between the observed behaviour of a transformer and the predicted behaviour of the model. Analysis of non-linearity effects on transformer is the rest part of the project which involves identifying the characteristics in terms of magnetic field and current.

=='''Motivation'''==
The demand for electrical power is significantly increasing in our world. This shows that the number of power transformers is growing enormously, which play main role by stepping up and down voltage levels within transmission network and also used in electronic equipment. Thus, while maintaining existing transformers and designing new transformer, especially for low voltage transformers, accuracy of transformer parameters should be given also one of the priorities.
Our project, “Measurement of Transformer Parameter” has significance in this aspect as it investigates the methods used for estimating transformer parameter, which is capable of providing more accurate values of the parameters.

=='''Objective'''==

To develop a method for estimating the transformer parameters, the same transformers as the past project are used. To estimate the parameters, namely: winding resistance (R1, R2), winding leakage reactance (X1, X2), core resistance(Rc), and magnetizing reactance (Xm), four short circuit and open circuit tests are conducted on the transformer, setting it under unsaturated condition (linear model). From the test, the input and output voltages and currents of the transformer are measured. The 7th parameter is calculated through conducting a separate experiment, which involves winding a sensing coil on the transformer core.

=='''Introduction'''==
==''Transformer Parameter''==
Practically transformers produce loss during their operation life time. These losses are because of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the transformers components, and thus they are considered as parameters to model a transformer as an equivalent circuit[1]. The seven parameters of transformers are the following:
-R1, R2: Represents the power loss due to the resistive characteristics of the windings
-X1, X2: Represents the inductive property of the windings winding leakage reactance
-Rc: Represents the eddy current and hysteresis power loss of the core
-Xm: Represents the magnetization power needed to drive flux through the core
-n(or a): the ration of number of turns of primary to secondary winding

=='''Previous Study'''==
The previous project, “Estimation and Measurement of Transformer Parameters” has been taken as the basic input for our project. Developing Matlab code for least Square Spectral Analysis performed on the measured voltage and current values, applying T-parameters used to estimate the seven transformer parameters under linear condition, and developing non-linear model of transformer are the other aims of the project.

==''Method of Least Square for Phasors''==
Applying the fourier series theory [3] for a periodic function , having frequency of ω and N sample data, it can be represented as an infinite sum of cosine and sine terms of descrete frequency of integer multiple of ω. T
We have used the LSSA to change AC current and voltage signal in time domain in to phasor domain due to the fact that phasor representation of signals can accurately represent the signals in time domain compared with RMS values of the signals. That means dealing with phasor value of known variable is equivalent to the instantaneous value of the variables during the experiment which can be used to estimate the best value of the unknown variables. [4].
[[File:Untitled.png]]

=='''Method and Result'''==
==''Physical Measurement''==
The physical measurement of the transformer has been performed by dismantling a transformer with identical model to the transformer under test (TR01-2016), The main objective is to reduce the seven (7) unknown parameters of the transformer 6 parameters, which can improve the Two-Port LSSA Method’s output value. The other aim of this experiment is to identify the transformer’s parameters, namely L1, L2, and Xm. This would be a comparison data for our main method result. The copper winding and the laminated core of the dismantled transformer is used for this part of the experiment

[http://www.example.com link title]==''One port Measurement, at low voltage and High voltage''==[http://www.Lv_hv.jpg link title]

==''Measurement Comparison'==

The table above compares the impedance value of TR01-2016 for both primary and secondary winding obtained from different one-port measurement methods.
The trend of the comparison shows that the one-port least square method conducted in this project can be an intermediate between measuring with meter and open and short circuit test. It can be seen that as the method change from meter measurement to the one-port-least square method (by increasing the voltage source, VS), the model starts to change from ideal to simplified model where full rated voltage of the winding is suppled as an open circuit, the value of resistance increases. As the source voltage applied in the one-port network increased, the core resistance and magnetization reactance that exist in the core starts to be included, hence increasing the impedance obtained.

The secondary winding resistance value that has been found for One-port Least Square
at V s= 1.06V(RMS), and 100Hz, shows an error during running the matlab code or taking measured data from oscilloscope. It should be rechecked again.

=='''Reference'''==
[1]Soong, WL and Allison, AG 2014, ‘Electric Energy Systems’, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA.

[2]P.C. Sen, "Principle of Electric Machine and Power Electronics", 2th ed. Ontario, Canada, Ch. 2 sec 2.2, pp. 50-53.

[3]Simon Raho, et al,, “Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics", 3rd ed-5544-6. New York, USA, Ch. 4, , pp. 180.

File:Lv hv.jpg

2016-10-26T05:00:45Z

A1681836: A1681836 uploaded a new version of "File:Lv hv.jpg"

File:Lv hv.jpg

2016-10-26T04:57:16Z

A1681836:

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T04:55:21Z

A1681836:

=='''Project Title'''==
Measurement of Transformer Parameters

=='''Student Name '''==
Chen Qiao
Rahel Bekele Megersa

=='''Supervisors '''==

Dr. Andrew Alison Dr. Rastko Zivanovic

=='''Abstract'''==

This project is identifying a semi-automated method to perform best estimate of transformer parameters. The aim of the project is to use two-port network model to estimate the parameters for any transformer model using transmission parameters with less variable. The obtained data are analysed and compared with the corresponding values in different methods. It starts from an ideal and simplified transformer models, which applies one-port network on the transformer to be tested. The method of least squares is applied to obtain the best estimate input variables The optimization techniques, Lagrange Multiplier is also applied to minimise any discrepancy between the observed behaviour of a transformer and the predicted behaviour of the model. Analysis of non-linearity effects on transformer is the rest part of the project which involves identifying the characteristics in terms of magnetic field and current.

=='''Motivation'''==
The demand for electrical power is significantly increasing in our world. This shows that the number of power transformers is growing enormously, which play main role by stepping up and down voltage levels within transmission network and also used in electronic equipment. Thus, while maintaining existing transformers and designing new transformer, especially for low voltage transformers, accuracy of transformer parameters should be given also one of the priorities.
Our project, “Measurement of Transformer Parameter” has significance in this aspect as it investigates the methods used for estimating transformer parameter, which is capable of providing more accurate values of the parameters.

=='''Objective'''==

To develop a method for estimating the transformer parameters, the same transformers as the past project are used. To estimate the parameters, namely: winding resistance (R1, R2), winding leakage reactance (X1, X2), core resistance(Rc), and magnetizing reactance (Xm), four short circuit and open circuit tests are conducted on the transformer, setting it under unsaturated condition (linear model). From the test, the input and output voltages and currents of the transformer are measured. The 7th parameter is calculated through conducting a separate experiment, which involves winding a sensing coil on the transformer core.

=='''Introduction'''==
==''Transformer Parameter''==
Practically transformers produce loss during their operation life time. These losses are because of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the transformers components, and thus they are considered as parameters to model a transformer as an equivalent circuit[1]. The seven parameters of transformers are the following:
-R1, R2: Represents the power loss due to the resistive characteristics of the windings
-X1, X2: Represents the inductive property of the windings winding leakage reactance
-Rc: Represents the eddy current and hysteresis power loss of the core
-Xm: Represents the magnetization power needed to drive flux through the core
-n(or a): the ration of number of turns of primary to secondary winding

=='''Previous Study'''==
The previous project, “Estimation and Measurement of Transformer Parameters” has been taken as the basic input for our project. Developing Matlab code for least Square Spectral Analysis performed on the measured voltage and current values, applying T-parameters used to estimate the seven transformer parameters under linear condition, and developing non-linear model of transformer are the other aims of the project.

==''Method of Least Square for Phasors''==
Applying the fourier series theory [3] for a periodic function , having frequency of ω and N sample data, it can be represented as an infinite sum of cosine and sine terms of descrete frequency of integer multiple of ω. T
We have used the LSSA to change AC current and voltage signal in time domain in to phasor domain due to the fact that phasor representation of signals can accurately represent the signals in time domain compared with RMS values of the signals. That means dealing with phasor value of known variable is equivalent to the instantaneous value of the variables during the experiment which can be used to estimate the best value of the unknown variables. [4].
[[File:Untitled.png]]

=='''Method and Result'''==
==''Physical Measurement''==
The physical measurement of the transformer has been performed by dismantling a transformer with identical model to the transformer under test (TR01-2016), The main objective is to reduce the seven (7) unknown parameters of the transformer 6 parameters, which can improve the Two-Port LSSA Method’s output value. The other aim of this experiment is to identify the transformer’s parameters, namely L1, L2, and Xm. This would be a comparison data for our main method result. The copper winding and the laminated core of the dismantled transformer is used for this part of the experiment

==''One port Measurement, at low voltage and High voltage''==

==''Measurement Comparison'==

The table above compares the impedance value of TR01-2016 for both primary and secondary winding obtained from different one-port measurement methods.
The trend of the comparison shows that the one-port least square method conducted in this project can be an intermediate between measuring with meter and open and short circuit test. It can be seen that as the method change from meter measurement to the one-port-least square method (by increasing the voltage source, VS), the model starts to change from ideal to simplified model where full rated voltage of the winding is suppled as an open circuit, the value of resistance increases. As the source voltage applied in the one-port network increased, the core resistance and magnetization reactance that exist in the core starts to be included, hence increasing the impedance obtained.

The secondary winding resistance value that has been found for One-port Least Square
at V s= 1.06V(RMS), and 100Hz, shows an error during running the matlab code or taking measured data from oscilloscope. It should be rechecked again.

=='''Reference'''==
[1]Soong, WL and Allison, AG 2014, ‘Electric Energy Systems’, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA.

[2]P.C. Sen, "Principle of Electric Machine and Power Electronics", 2th ed. Ontario, Canada, Ch. 2 sec 2.2, pp. 50-53.

[3]Simon Raho, et al,, “Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics", 3rd ed-5544-6. New York, USA, Ch. 4, , pp. 180.

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T04:43:53Z

A1681836:

=='''Project Title'''==
Measurement of Transformer Parameters

=='''Student Name '''==
Chen Qiao
Rahel Bekele Megersa

=='''Supervisors '''==

Dr. Andrew Alison Dr. Rastko Zivanovic

=='''Abstract'''==

This project is identifying a semi-automated method to perform best estimate of transformer parameters. The aim of the project is to use two-port network model to estimate the parameters for any transformer model using transmission parameters with less variable. The obtained data are analysed and compared with the corresponding values in different methods. It starts from an ideal and simplified transformer models, which applies one-port network on the transformer to be tested. The method of least squares is applied to obtain the best estimate input variables The optimization techniques, Lagrange Multiplier is also applied to minimise any discrepancy between the observed behaviour of a transformer and the predicted behaviour of the model. Analysis of non-linearity effects on transformer is the rest part of the project which involves identifying the characteristics in terms of magnetic field and current.

=='''Motivation'''==
The demand for electrical power is significantly increasing in our world. This shows that the number of power transformers is growing enormously, which play main role by stepping up and down voltage levels within transmission network and also used in electronic equipment. Thus, while maintaining existing transformers and designing new transformer, especially for low voltage transformers, accuracy of transformer parameters should be given also one of the priorities.
Our project, “Measurement of Transformer Parameter” has significance in this aspect as it investigates the methods used for estimating transformer parameter, which is capable of providing more accurate values of the parameters.

=='''Objective'''==

To develop a method for estimating the transformer parameters, the same transformers as the past project are used. To estimate the parameters, namely: winding resistance (R1, R2), winding leakage reactance (X1, X2), core resistance(Rc), and magnetizing reactance (Xm), four short circuit and open circuit tests are conducted on the transformer, setting it under unsaturated condition (linear model). From the test, the input and output voltages and currents of the transformer are measured. The 7th parameter is calculated through conducting a separate experiment, which involves winding a sensing coil on the transformer core.

=='''Introduction'''==
==''Transformer Parameter''==
Practically transformers produce loss during their operation life time. These losses are because of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the transformers components, and thus they are considered as parameters to model a transformer as an equivalent circuit[1]. The seven parameters of transformers are the following:
-R1, R2: Represents the power loss due to the resistive characteristics of the windings
-X1, X2: Represents the inductive property of the windings winding leakage reactance
-Rc: Represents the eddy current and hysteresis power loss of the core
-Xm: Represents the magnetization power needed to drive flux through the core
-n(or a): the ration of number of turns of primary to secondary winding

=='''Previous Study'''==
The previous project, “Estimation and Measurement of Transformer Parameters” has been taken as the basic input for our project. Developing Matlab code for least Square Spectral Analysis performed on the measured voltage and current values, applying T-parameters used to estimate the seven transformer parameters under linear condition, and developing non-linear model of transformer are the other aims of the project.

==''Method of Least Square for Phasors''==
Applying the fourier series theory [3] for a periodic function , having frequency of ω and N sample data, it can be represented as an infinite sum of cosine and sine terms of descrete frequency of integer multiple of ω. T
We have used the LSSA to change AC current and voltage signal in time domain in to phasor domain due to the fact that phasor representation of signals can accurately represent the signals in time domain compared with RMS values of the signals. That means dealing with phasor value of known variable is equivalent to the instantaneous value of the variables during the experiment which can be used to estimate the best value of the unknown variables. [4].
[[File:Untitled.png]]

=='''Reference'''==
[1]Soong, WL and Allison, AG 2014, ‘Electric Energy Systems’, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA.

[2]P.C. Sen, "Principle of Electric Machine and Power Electronics", 2th ed. Ontario, Canada, Ch. 2 sec 2.2, pp. 50-53.

[3]Simon Raho, et al,, “Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics", 3rd ed-5544-6. New York, USA, Ch. 4, , pp. 180.

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T04:41:43Z

A1681836: /* Reference */

=='''Project Title'''==
Measurement of Transformer Parameters

=='''Student Name '''==
Chen Qiao
Rahel Bekele Megersa

=='''Supervisors '''==

Dr. Andrew Alison Dr. Rastko Zivanovic

=='''Abstract'''==

This project is identifying a semi-automated method to perform best estimate of transformer parameters. The aim of the project is to use two-port network model to estimate the parameters for any transformer model using transmission parameters with less variable. The obtained data are analysed and compared with the corresponding values in different methods. It starts from an ideal and simplified transformer models, which applies one-port network on the transformer to be tested. The method of least squares is applied to obtain the best estimate input variables The optimization techniques, Lagrange Multiplier is also applied to minimise any discrepancy between the observed behaviour of a transformer and the predicted behaviour of the model. Analysis of non-linearity effects on transformer is the rest part of the project which involves identifying the characteristics in terms of magnetic field and current.

=='''Motivation'''==
The demand for electrical power is significantly increasing in our world. This shows that the number of power transformers is growing enormously, which play main role by stepping up and down voltage levels within transmission network and also used in electronic equipment. Thus, while maintaining existing transformers and designing new transformer, especially for low voltage transformers, accuracy of transformer parameters should be given also one of the priorities.
Our project, “Measurement of Transformer Parameter” has significance in this aspect as it investigates the methods used for estimating transformer parameter, which is capable of providing more accurate values of the parameters.

=='''Objective'''==

To develop a method for estimating the transformer parameters, the same transformers as the past project are used. To estimate the parameters, namely: winding resistance (R1, R2), winding leakage reactance (X1, X2), core resistance(Rc), and magnetizing reactance (Xm), four short circuit and open circuit tests are conducted on the transformer, setting it under unsaturated condition (linear model). From the test, the input and output voltages and currents of the transformer are measured. The 7th parameter is calculated through conducting a separate experiment, which involves winding a sensing coil on the transformer core.

=='''Introduction'''==
==''Transformer Parameter''==
Practically transformers produce loss during their operation life time. These losses are because of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the transformers components, and thus they are considered as parameters to model a transformer as an equivalent circuit[1]. The seven parameters of transformers are the following:
-R1, R2: Represents the power loss due to the resistive characteristics of the windings
-X1, X2: Represents the inductive property of the windings winding leakage reactance
-Rc: Represents the eddy current and hysteresis power loss of the core
-Xm: Represents the magnetization power needed to drive flux through the core
-n(or a): the ration of number of turns of primary to secondary winding

==''Method of Least Square for Phasors''==
Applying the fourier series theory [3] for a periodic function , having frequency of ω and N sample data, it can be represented as an infinite sum of cosine and sine terms of descrete frequency of integer multiple of ω. T
We have used the LSSA to change AC current and voltage signal in time domain in to phasor domain due to the fact that phasor representation of signals can accurately represent the signals in time domain compared with RMS values of the signals. That means dealing with phasor value of known variable is equivalent to the instantaneous value of the variables during the experiment which can be used to estimate the best value of the unknown variables. [4].
[[File:Untitled.png]]

=='''Previous Study'''==
The previous project, “Estimation and Measurement of Transformer Parameters” has been taken as the basic input for our project. Developing Matlab code for least Square Spectral Analysis performed on the measured voltage and current values, applying T-parameters used to estimate the seven transformer parameters under linear condition, and developing non-linear model of transformer are the other aims of the project.

=='''Reference'''==
[1]Soong, WL and Allison, AG 2014, ‘Electric Energy Systems’, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA.

[2]P.C. Sen, "Principle of Electric Machine and Power Electronics", 2th ed. Ontario, Canada, Ch. 2 sec 2.2, pp. 50-53.

[3]Simon Raho, et al,, “Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics", 3rd ed-5544-6. New York, USA, Ch. 4, , pp. 180.

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T04:40:48Z

A1681836: /* Reference */

=='''Project Title'''==
Measurement of Transformer Parameters

=='''Student Name '''==
Chen Qiao
Rahel Bekele Megersa

=='''Supervisors '''==

Dr. Andrew Alison Dr. Rastko Zivanovic

=='''Abstract'''==

This project is identifying a semi-automated method to perform best estimate of transformer parameters. The aim of the project is to use two-port network model to estimate the parameters for any transformer model using transmission parameters with less variable. The obtained data are analysed and compared with the corresponding values in different methods. It starts from an ideal and simplified transformer models, which applies one-port network on the transformer to be tested. The method of least squares is applied to obtain the best estimate input variables The optimization techniques, Lagrange Multiplier is also applied to minimise any discrepancy between the observed behaviour of a transformer and the predicted behaviour of the model. Analysis of non-linearity effects on transformer is the rest part of the project which involves identifying the characteristics in terms of magnetic field and current.

=='''Motivation'''==
The demand for electrical power is significantly increasing in our world. This shows that the number of power transformers is growing enormously, which play main role by stepping up and down voltage levels within transmission network and also used in electronic equipment. Thus, while maintaining existing transformers and designing new transformer, especially for low voltage transformers, accuracy of transformer parameters should be given also one of the priorities.
Our project, “Measurement of Transformer Parameter” has significance in this aspect as it investigates the methods used for estimating transformer parameter, which is capable of providing more accurate values of the parameters.

=='''Objective'''==

To develop a method for estimating the transformer parameters, the same transformers as the past project are used. To estimate the parameters, namely: winding resistance (R1, R2), winding leakage reactance (X1, X2), core resistance(Rc), and magnetizing reactance (Xm), four short circuit and open circuit tests are conducted on the transformer, setting it under unsaturated condition (linear model). From the test, the input and output voltages and currents of the transformer are measured. The 7th parameter is calculated through conducting a separate experiment, which involves winding a sensing coil on the transformer core.

=='''Introduction'''==
==''Transformer Parameter''==
Practically transformers produce loss during their operation life time. These losses are because of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the transformers components, and thus they are considered as parameters to model a transformer as an equivalent circuit[1]. The seven parameters of transformers are the following:
-R1, R2: Represents the power loss due to the resistive characteristics of the windings
-X1, X2: Represents the inductive property of the windings winding leakage reactance
-Rc: Represents the eddy current and hysteresis power loss of the core
-Xm: Represents the magnetization power needed to drive flux through the core
-n(or a): the ration of number of turns of primary to secondary winding

==''Method of Least Square for Phasors''==
Applying the fourier series theory [3] for a periodic function , having frequency of ω and N sample data, it can be represented as an infinite sum of cosine and sine terms of descrete frequency of integer multiple of ω. T
We have used the LSSA to change AC current and voltage signal in time domain in to phasor domain due to the fact that phasor representation of signals can accurately represent the signals in time domain compared with RMS values of the signals. That means dealing with phasor value of known variable is equivalent to the instantaneous value of the variables during the experiment which can be used to estimate the best value of the unknown variables. [4].
[[File:Untitled.png]]

=='''Previous Study'''==
The previous project, “Estimation and Measurement of Transformer Parameters” has been taken as the basic input for our project. Developing Matlab code for least Square Spectral Analysis performed on the measured voltage and current values, applying T-parameters used to estimate the seven transformer parameters under linear condition, and developing non-linear model of transformer are the other aims of the project.

=='''Reference'''==
[1]Soong, WL and Allison, AG 2014, ‘Electric Energy Systems’, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA.

[2]P.C. Sen, "Principle of Electric Machine and Power Electronics", 2th ed. Ontario, Canada, Ch. 2 sec 2.2, pp. 50-53.
[3]Simon Raho, et al,, “Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics", 3rd ed-5544-6. New York, USA, Ch. 4, , pp. 180.

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T04:39:11Z

A1681836: /* Reference */

=='''Project Title'''==
Measurement of Transformer Parameters

=='''Student Name '''==
Chen Qiao
Rahel Bekele Megersa

=='''Supervisors '''==

Dr. Andrew Alison Dr. Rastko Zivanovic

=='''Abstract'''==

This project is identifying a semi-automated method to perform best estimate of transformer parameters. The aim of the project is to use two-port network model to estimate the parameters for any transformer model using transmission parameters with less variable. The obtained data are analysed and compared with the corresponding values in different methods. It starts from an ideal and simplified transformer models, which applies one-port network on the transformer to be tested. The method of least squares is applied to obtain the best estimate input variables The optimization techniques, Lagrange Multiplier is also applied to minimise any discrepancy between the observed behaviour of a transformer and the predicted behaviour of the model. Analysis of non-linearity effects on transformer is the rest part of the project which involves identifying the characteristics in terms of magnetic field and current.

=='''Motivation'''==
The demand for electrical power is significantly increasing in our world. This shows that the number of power transformers is growing enormously, which play main role by stepping up and down voltage levels within transmission network and also used in electronic equipment. Thus, while maintaining existing transformers and designing new transformer, especially for low voltage transformers, accuracy of transformer parameters should be given also one of the priorities.
Our project, “Measurement of Transformer Parameter” has significance in this aspect as it investigates the methods used for estimating transformer parameter, which is capable of providing more accurate values of the parameters.

=='''Objective'''==

To develop a method for estimating the transformer parameters, the same transformers as the past project are used. To estimate the parameters, namely: winding resistance (R1, R2), winding leakage reactance (X1, X2), core resistance(Rc), and magnetizing reactance (Xm), four short circuit and open circuit tests are conducted on the transformer, setting it under unsaturated condition (linear model). From the test, the input and output voltages and currents of the transformer are measured. The 7th parameter is calculated through conducting a separate experiment, which involves winding a sensing coil on the transformer core.

=='''Introduction'''==
==''Transformer Parameter''==
Practically transformers produce loss during their operation life time. These losses are because of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the transformers components, and thus they are considered as parameters to model a transformer as an equivalent circuit[1]. The seven parameters of transformers are the following:
-R1, R2: Represents the power loss due to the resistive characteristics of the windings
-X1, X2: Represents the inductive property of the windings winding leakage reactance
-Rc: Represents the eddy current and hysteresis power loss of the core
-Xm: Represents the magnetization power needed to drive flux through the core
-n(or a): the ration of number of turns of primary to secondary winding

==''Method of Least Square for Phasors''==
Applying the fourier series theory [3] for a periodic function , having frequency of ω and N sample data, it can be represented as an infinite sum of cosine and sine terms of descrete frequency of integer multiple of ω. T
We have used the LSSA to change AC current and voltage signal in time domain in to phasor domain due to the fact that phasor representation of signals can accurately represent the signals in time domain compared with RMS values of the signals. That means dealing with phasor value of known variable is equivalent to the instantaneous value of the variables during the experiment which can be used to estimate the best value of the unknown variables. [4].
[[File:Untitled.png]]

=='''Previous Study'''==
The previous project, “Estimation and Measurement of Transformer Parameters” has been taken as the basic input for our project. Developing Matlab code for least Square Spectral Analysis performed on the measured voltage and current values, applying T-parameters used to estimate the seven transformer parameters under linear condition, and developing non-linear model of transformer are the other aims of the project.

=='''Reference'''==
[1]Soong, WL and Allison, AG 2014, ‘Electric Energy Systems’, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA.
[2]P.C. Sen, "Principle of Electric Machine and Power Electronics", 2th ed. Ontario, Canada, Ch. 2 sec 2.2, pp. 50-53.
[3]Simon Raho, et al,, “Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics", 3rd ed-5544-6. New York, USA, Ch. 4, , pp. 180.

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T04:38:08Z

A1681836: /* Method of Least Square for Phasors */

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T04:33:52Z

A1681836: /* Method of Least Square for Phasors */

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2016-10-26T04:30:49Z

A1681836: A1681836 uploaded a new version of "File:Untitled.png"

File:Untitled.png

2016-10-26T04:28:24Z

A1681836:

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T03:54:03Z

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Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T03:49:03Z

A1681836:

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T03:37:01Z

A1681836:

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T03:33:06Z

A1681836:

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T03:25:16Z

A1681836: /* Summary */

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T03:23:28Z

A1681836: /* topic */

Projects:2016s1-121 Measurement of Transformer Parameters

2016-10-26T03:21:41Z

A1681836: /* Summary */

=='''topic'''==
Measurement of Transformer Parameters

=='''Student Name '''==
Chen Qiao
Rahel Bekele Megersa

=='''Supervisors '''==

Dr. Andrew Alison Dr. Rastko Zivanovic

=='''Summary '''==

This project is identifying a semi-automated method to perform best estimate of transformer parameters. The aim of the project is to use two-port network model to estimate the parameters for any transformer model using transmission parameters with less variable. The obtained data are analysed and compared with the corresponding values in different methods. It starts from an ideal and simplified transformer models, which applies one-port network on the transformer to be tested. The method of least squares is applied to obtain the best estimate input variables The optimization techniques, Lagrange Multiplier is also applied to minimise any discrepancy between the observed behaviour of a transformer and the predicted behaviour of the model. Analysis of non-linearity effects on transformer is the rest part of the project which involves identifying the characteristics in terms of magnetic field and current.